二极性族生鬼伞是由四极性祖先演变而来,其过程包括交配型特异性信息素受体功能的丧失.pdf

Copyright 2006 by the Genetics Society of America DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.051128 Evolution of the Bipolar Mating System of the Mushroom Coprinellus disseminatus From Its Tetrapolar Ancestors Involves Loss of Mating-Type-Specific Pheromone Receptor Function Timothy Y. James,*,1 Prayook Srivilai,† Ursula Kues† and Rytas Vilgalys* ¨ *Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 and †Institute for Forest Botany, Georg-August-University, D-37077 Go ttingen, Germany ¨ Manuscript received September 13, 2005 Accepted for publication December 2, 2005 ABSTRACT Mating incompatibility in mushroom fungi is controlled by the mating-type loci. In tetrapolar species, two unlinked mating-type loci exist (A and B), whereas in bipolar species there is only one locus. The A and B mating-type loci encode homeodomain transcription factors and pheromones and pheromone receptors, respectively. Most mushroom species have a tetrapolar mating system, but numerous transitions to bipolar mating systems have occurred. Here we determined the genes controlling mating type in the bipolar mushroom Coprinellus disseminatus. Through positional cloning and degenerate PCR, we se- quenced both the transcription factor and pheromone receptor mating-type gene homologs from C. disseminatus. Only the transcription factor genes segregate with mating ty