山西博物院馆藏青铜器的锈蚀产物分析-表面技术.PDF

表面技术 第46 卷 第 8 期 ·226 · SURFACE TECHNOLOGY 2017 年8 月 山西博物院馆藏青铜器的锈蚀产物分析 钟博超，龚德才 （中国科学技术大学，合肥 230000） 摘 要： 目的对山西博物院馆藏大量珍贵青铜器的锈蚀情况进行分析，为后续的保护修复提供科学依据和 数据支持。方法 选用 21 件山西省出土的馆藏青铜器，通过超景深显微镜、偏光显微镜、拉曼光谱分析等 手段，对青铜器物表面锈蚀物进行综合分析，确定有害锈蚀物。结果 这批青铜器表面锈层结构有5 类，绿 色锈蚀物主要为孔雀石、氯铜矿，其中氯铜矿为青铜器有害锈蚀的主要成分，少量绿色锈蚀物为斜氯铜矿、 水胆矾，红色锈蚀物为赤铜矿，蓝色锈蚀物为蓝铜矿。结论 青铜器表面的孔雀石锈蚀物大多结构致密，对 青铜器本体无害，还可阻隔铜与空气、水分等物质的直接接触，对器物具有一定的保护作用，可以保留。 氯铜矿对青铜器的保存具有隐患，在修复中应对其彻底清除。 关键词：青铜器；锈；超景深显微镜；偏光显微镜；拉曼光谱 中图分类号：TG172.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3660(2017)08-0226-08 DOI ：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2017.08.037 Analysis of Corrosion Products on Bronze Wares of Shanxi Museum ZHONG Bo-chao, GONG De-cai (University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China) ABSTRACT: There are a large number of bronze collections in Shanxi Museum, and many of them have been seriously cor- roded under the effects of corrosion in burial environment. In order to provide scientific basis and data support for subsequent restoration and conservation, studies should be done to analyze corrosion conditions of these bronze wares. 21 ancient bronze collections were selected as samples, comprehensive analysis was made to corrosion products on the samples to define hazard- ous corrosion products with optical microscope, polarizing microscope and based upon Raman spectrum analysis. There were 5 kinds of superficial corrosion structures on the surface of this lot of bronze wares. Most of the green corrosion products were malachite and atacamite (major hazardous corrosion product), while some of them were botallackite and bro