CS4100 计算机结构Course Outline.PPTVIP

CS4100: 計算機結構Course Outline 國立清華大學資訊工程學系 一零零學年度第二學期 為什麼電腦不用十進位而用二進位？ Signal: Two States (二進制) Switch (電子開關) A Working Transistor (1/5) Transistors consist of three terminals; the source, the gate, and the drain: A Working Transistor (2/5) In the n-type transistor, both the source and the drain are negatively-charged and sit on a positively-charged well of p-silicon. A Working Transistor (3/5) When positive voltage is applied to the gate, electrons in the p-silicon are attracted to the area under the gate forming an electron channel between the source and the drain. A Working Transistor (4/5) When positive voltage is applied to the drain, the electrons are pulled from the source to the drain. In this state the transistor is on. A Working Transistor (5/5) If the voltage at the gate is removed, electrons are not attracted to the area between the source and drain. The pathway is broken and the transistor is turned off. 相關電壓電流特性及電路分析等知識我們是在＿＿＿課中介紹的 答：「電子電路學」「超大型積體電路設計」 有了開關就可以做邏輯閘 CMOS NAND: 有了邏輯閘就可做邏輯電路 加法器： 也可以做記憶元件 可存一個bit的東西： 這部份的學問叫＿＿＿＿ 答：「數位邏輯設計」 最後，電腦的主要部份就都可以做了 Basic Organization of Any Computer Computer Organization Capabilities and performance characteristics of principal functional units, e.g., registers, ALU, shifters, ... Ways in which these components are interconnected (structure) Information flows between components (data, datapath) Logic and means by which such information flow is controlled (control logic) Register Transfer Level (RTL) description What is Computer Architecture? Computer Architecture =  Instruction Set Architecture  + Machine Organization Instruction Set as a Critical Interface Coordination of many levels of abstraction Another Perspective lw $15, 0($2) lw $16, 4($2) sw $16, 0($2) sw $15, 4($2) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) “... the attributes of a [computing] system as seen by the programmer, i.e. the conceptual structure and functional behavior, as distinct from the orga