锅炉因漏风爆管紊流磨损机理探讨.docVIP

锅炉因漏风爆管的紊流磨损机理探讨 机理分析的重要性 The importance of mechanism analysis 　　锅炉“四管”泄漏会在同一种材料, 同一根管子或锅炉的同一区域相同断面上重复发生,这是由于没有搞清泄漏的机理和主要原因而没能采用正确的处理措施而引起的。锅炉水冷壁、过热器、再热器和省煤器(简称锅炉“四管”)爆漏约占全部锅炉设备事故的40%～60%,甚至70%。因此,减少锅炉“四管”爆漏次数,降低锅炉强迫停运时间,是提高锅炉运行可靠性和经济性的关键因素。爆管往往是由多种机理共同引起的,锅炉不同部位的受热面,由于受热条件不同,发生爆管的主要原因也不同。过热器泄漏主要原因是由于过热及焊接质量问题,再热器则是烟气热偏差大和选材不当及焊接质量问题,省煤器管则是由于飞灰腐蚀,水冷壁泄漏的主要原因是高温腐蚀,氢损伤及过热问题。各种爆管机理引起的爆管,爆口的特征和金相分析结果不同,据此可以判断引起爆管的主要机理,采取正确处理措施,尽量避免重复爆管。处理泄漏爆管事故,除了修复失效管段以外,更重要的是消除爆管泄漏机理,防止再一次爆管。 Boiler four tube leakage is in the same kind of material, the same tube boiler of the same area or repeat the same cross section, this is because there is no clear mechanism and main reason of the leakage and failed to adopt correct measures. The boiler water wall, superheater, reheater, and economizer (hereinafter referred to as the boiler four tubes explosive leakage accounted for about 40% ~ 60% of all boiler equipment accident, or even 70%. Therefore, reducing The Times for the boiler four tubes explosive leakage to reduce boiler forced outage time, key factor is to improve the reliability and economy of boiler operation. Tube is often caused by several mechanisms, from different parts of the boiler heating surface, due to different heating conditions, in the main reasons for tube blasting is also different. Superheater leakage and welding quality problem, main reason is due to overheating reheater is the thermal deviation of flue gas and improper material selection and welding quality problems, economizer tube is due to corrosion of fly ash, water wall leakage is the main reason of the high temperature corrosion, hydrogen damage and overheating. Tube caused by different kinds of pipe explosion mechanism, explosion characteristics and metallographic analysis of the results, to determine the main mechanism of the tube, the correct treatment measures, avoid repeat detonation tube. Processing tube leakage accident, in addition to repair failure section, more important is to eliminate tub