药理学考点2（Pharmacological testing site 2）.docVIP

药理学考点2（Pharmacological testing site 2） Pharmacological review highlights First, the noun explanation: Tolerance: a condition in which a bodys response to a drug is reduced. Drug resistance: a condition in which pathogens or tumor cells decrease their susceptibility to drugs. Half-life: the time required to reduce the plasma concentration of drugs by half. Toxic reactions: adverse reactions that occur when the dosage of the drug is too large, the time taken is too long, or the body is too sensitive to the drug. Median lethal dose (LD50): important data for the magnitude of the toxicity of the drug. Side effects: the occurrence of drugs at therapeutic doses that have nothing to do with the purpose of the drug. Receptor agonist: a drug with strong affinity with receptors and with strong internal activity. Cross resistance: the bodys tolerance to a drug is also less sensitive to the other. Residual effect: the effect of residual drug after the drug concentration has dropped below the valve concentration. First pass elimination: oral drugs absorbed in the gastrointestinal mucosa, first through the portal vein into the liver, when through the intestinal mucosa and liver, some drugs transformation, so that the effective dose into the body circulation decreased phenomenon. A drug that activates one or more immunocompetent cells and enhances the immune function of the organism. Two. Questions and answers 1. What medicine should organic phosphate be used to save? Answer: can use M receptor to block drug medicine: atropine, anisodamine, scopolamine and cholinesterase, resurrection drugs: chlorine solution phosphorus, iodine, phosphorus solution, double phosphorus and other rescue. 2, sulfa drugs and trimethoprim combination, can enhance the antibacterial effect 3, pilocarpine eye: miosis, reduce intraocular pressure and spasm of accommodation 4, antipyretic, analgesic and anti - drug action mechanism: inhibit prostaglandin synthetase activity and reduce prostaglandin biosynthe