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自我決定理論（ＳＤＴ）的動機分類 Deci and Ryan (1985) identified three types of motivation, namely intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation to account for the different reasons why individuals engage in activities. Specifically, self-determination theory (Deci Ryan, 1985, 1991; Ryan Deci, 2000a, 2002) Deci and Ryan identified four types of extrinsic motivation that vary in their degree of self-determination. The four types of extrinsic motivation are: external regulation (to act to obtain rewards or avoid punishment), introjected regulation (to act in order to avoid feelings of guilt an