unit汉译英中从句的使用.ppt

Unit 12汉译英中从句的使用 ~lecture 12~ 汉译英中从句的使用 英语复合句由主句和从句构成，从句包括形容词从句（adjective clause）、名词从句（noun clause）和副词从句（adverbial clause）。 从句的使用是提高汉英水平的突破口。 再有，是否使用英语复合句来翻译，主要取决于原文的内在含义，而不是其外在形式。 使用形容词从句进行汉译英是，最基本的用法是对应汉语“……的”的结构， 如“母亲给她买的生日礼物” （the birthday present her mother bought her）, “我童年时代生活的小村庄” （the small village where I spent my childhood）, “刚才和你说话的小女孩” （the girl who was talking with you just now）, “他彻夜难眠的原因” （the reason why he lies awake all night 但是，这种汉英大体对应的情况只会出现于英语形容词从句修饰名词的时候。如果英语形容词从句修饰代词、短语或句子，汉语往往要换用其它结构。 E.g. He laughs the best who laughs the last (谁笑在最后，谁笑得最美)； She said she was in a traffic jam, which was quite possible. (她说路上堵车了，这倒有可能) ; He tried to persuade his wife, which was in vain. (他试图说服妻子，但徒劳无益)； 只有摆脱汉语形式的束缚，把握其各个部分含义的内在联系，才能在译文中充分发挥形容词从句的表达力。 形容词从句 1.对此我确实无能为力。 1）I have no power to change it. 2). I can really do nothing about it. 3）There is really nothing I can do about it. 4) It is really beyond my power to do anything about this. 2.我们的忍耐是有限度的。 Our tolerance is not unlimited. Our toleration has a limit. There is a limit to what we will tolerate. There is only so much we will put up with. 3 她不喜欢他那样盯着她看。 She doesn’t like him to stare at her like that. She doesn’t like the way he stares at her. 4. 他滔滔不绝地将一些我根本不感兴趣的话题。 He kept talking about subjects in which I had not the slightest interest. He rattled away about things I had no interest in at all. He talked nonstop about things that did not interest me in the least. Talk on and on about something. 5. 我想换个工作单位，在那里可以一切从新开始。 I want to change my job so that I can start everything anew. I want to find another job where I can start all over again. I want to change to another work unit where I can make a fresh start. I want to find a new job where I can start afresh. 6. 从第一次见到他，我就知道这个人不易相处。 From the first time I set my eyes on him, I knew he was a difficult man to get along with. From the time I first saw him, I knew he was not easy to get along with. From the moment I laid eyes on him, I knew he was no