汉英翻译基础与技巧四词序的调整.ppt

* * 3．汉语句中有两个以上的地点状语时，表示范围大的地点状语在前，代表范围小的在后，英语语序与此相反。如： 李一民先生在位于（100083）中国北京海淀白颐北路7号 环宇大厦18层1806号 的振华进出口公司任总经理。 * * Mr. Li Yinmin works as General Manager in Zhenhua Import Export Company, Rm.1806, Flr.18, Huanyu Building, 7 North Baiyu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China. * * 4．汉语中同时有地点状语、时间状语和方式状语时，其顺序通常是时间、地点、方式，英语语序与此相反。如： 1.1天上的白云2缓缓地飘着。 White clouds sailed 2gently 1in the sky. * * 2.我1去年 2在北京 3愉快地见到了他。 I met him 3with pleasure 2in Beijing 1last year. 3．毛主席1于1949年 2在天安门 3庄严地宣告中华人民共和国成立。 Chairman Mao proclaimed 3solemnly the foundation of the People’s Republic of China 2at Tian’anmen 1in 1949. * * 在上述例句中，汉英状语的排列顺序从形式上看正好相反，但从状语与被修饰词关系的“亲疏”来看，两者却是一致的，即：方式状语距与被修饰的词最近，地点状语次之，时间状语更次之。 * * 在汉英对译中，还存在一种有趣的“镜像对称”现象，即一个汉语句子译成英语之后语序完全相反。如： E．汉语中，表示时间、条件、让步、原因等的偏句（即从句）通常放在正句（即主句）之前，而英语中这些从句既可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。如： * * 1．如果你不马上走开，我要去叫警察来了。 If you do not go away at once, I will send for a policeman. I will send for a policeman if you do not go away at once. * * 2．虽然天色已晚，他仍继续工作。 Though it was very late, he went on working. He went on working though it was very late. * * 3．老师们正在开会，一个学生跑了进来。 While the teachers were holding a meeting, a pupil rushed in. A pupil rushed in while the teachers were holding a meeting,. 在上述译文中，如果把从句位于主句之前，从句后要用逗号。 * * 练习题 1．一般说来，理论、计划、或措施的制定都必须符合外界客观规律。 2．他从口袋里取出一条红领巾，给了他女儿。 3．当电话刚发明时并可供使用时，几乎没有人要安装它。 * * 4．跟过去相比，已经进步多了。 5．如果你们要看戏，就得排队买票。 6. 我们为了保护人民的利益，即使牺牲生命亦在所不惜。 * * 1.Generally speaking, theories, plans and measures must be worked out in accordance with the laws of the objective external world. 2.He took out a red scarf from his pocket and gave it to his little daughter. 3.When the telephone was first invented and ready to use, hardly anybody cared to install one. * * 4.Compared with the past, much more progress has already been made. 5.You have to queue up for your tickets before you go to the theater. (If you want to enjoy the play, you have to stand in the line for your