后推连杆组合式举升机构设计.docVIP

后推连杆组合式举升机构的设计 摘　要 1自卸车作为一种专用汽车，在工厂、矿山、城市建设以及交通运输中都扮演着重要角色。作为自卸车的重要和不可缺少的组成部分, 自卸车举升机构在货物卸载时发挥着巨大作用，它免去了工人卸货劳动，提高了卸货速度。其主要原理是通过液压作用将自卸车车厢举升到一定角度从而使货物快速卸载。本设计选用后推连杆组合式举升机构型式，又称“D”式（或加伍德式）举升机构，进行设计，它具有举升平顺、油缸活塞的工作行程短，举升机构布置灵活，转轴反力小、举升臂放大系数大、活塞行程短等优点，应用非常广泛。本设计从总体到局部，全面介绍了自卸车举升部分的设计。本文综合运用多种设计工具进行综合设计，不但提高了设计速度同时也提高了设计质量。这些方法和手段如果为企业掌握，就可以为企业减少成本提高竞争力服务。 关键词：自卸车，后推连杆组合式，举升机构，液压系统 Abstract As a kind of special vehicle, dumper truck plays an important role in factories, mines, urban constructions and transportations. Being an important and indispensable part of dumper truck, lift mechanism plays a very important role in unloading. It’s more laborsaving and efficient. It raises the truck body to a suitable angle so that cargos can be unloaded by itself by the force comes from hydraulic system. In this dissertation, back-ward lever-assembled style lift mechanism, which is also named “D” pattern (or Gawood style) lift mechanism, is chosen. It has many advantages, such as smoothly-lifting, shorter work stroke of hydraulic cylinder piston, being easy conveniently disposed, less axis anti-force, bigger lift power quotiety, bigger lift-arm magnify quotiety. Due to these advantages, this style of lift mechanism is used far and wide. This dissertation, from overall to some, entirely introduces the design of this style lift mechanism. In this dissertation, some tools and methods for design are used, which can improve the speed as well as quality of the design. If these tools and methods for design are used in company, the company could cut down the cost in design and improve the capability of competition. Key words： dumper truck；back-ward lever-assembled style；lift mechanism；hydraulic system 1 绪论 1.1 课题的提出 自卸车是利用本车发动机动力驱动液压举升机构，将其车厢倾斜一定角度来卸货；并依靠车厢自重使其复位的专用汽车。 自卸汽车按其用途可分为两大类：一类属非公路运输用的重型和超重型（装载质量在20T以上）自卸汽车。主要承担大型矿山，水利工地等运输任务，通常是与挖掘机配套使用。这类汽车也被称为矿用自卸汽车。它的长度，宽度，高度以及轴荷等不受公路法规的限制，但它只能在矿山，工地上使用。另一类属于公路运输用的轻，中，重型（装载质量在2~20T）普通自卸汽车。它重要承担砂石，泥土，煤炭等松散货物的运输，通常是与装载机配套使用的。 自卸车举升机构是自卸车的一个重