电路知识（Circuit knowledge）.docVIP

电路知识（Circuit knowledge） Summary of electrical knowledge One, circuit Formation of an electric current: a directional movement of charge to form an electric current. (any directional motion of an electric charge produces an electric current) Direction of current: flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode Power supply: a device that provides a constant current (or voltage) The power supply converts other forms of energy into electrical energy. For example, dry cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy There is a constant current condition: the power and circuit must be closed Conductor: objects which are easy to conduct electricity are called conductors, such as metal, human body, earth, salt solution, etc. Insulators: objects that are not electrically conductive are insulators, such as glass, ceramics, plastics, oil, pure water, etc. The circuit comprises a power supply, a conducting wire, a switch and an electric appliance There are three states of the road: (1) access: the circuit is called circuit; (2) open circuit: open circuit is called open circuit (sometimes also called circuit breaker); (3) short circuit: the wire directly connected to the two poles of the power supply circuit is called short circuit Circuit diagram: a circuit in which symbols are used to connect circuits is called a circuit diagram Series: connect the components one by one, called series Parallel: connect the components in parallel, called parallel (each branch is not affected by each other) Two, current International unit: amperes (A); common: MA (mA), A. (A), 1 amperes, =1000 Ma, =1000000 a. Current measuring instrument is: current meter, using its rules are as follows: the current table to be connected in series; the current from the terminal into the +, - from the terminal; the measured current does not exceed the range ammeter; it is absolutely not allowed without the use of electrical appliance