第三章 生物催化剂的修饰与改造2014.11.pdf

第三章 生物催化剂的修饰、筛选与改造 1 I 生物催化剂的简介 2 The biocatalysis cycle Economic feasibility:  Type of biocatalyst  Specific reactor  Hardware configuration 3 Applications of Biocatalysis  Food products: over 1000 years  Industrial synthesis: for decades  Bulk chemicals: acrylamide (丙烯酰胺) and nicotinamide (烟酰胺) by nitrile hydratase (腈水合酶) solvent DMPD by nitrilase (腈水解酶)  Active pharmaceuticals : semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics by acylase (酰基 转移酶)  Food ingredients: low calories sweetner aspartame by thermolysin(嗜热蛋 白酶) 4 DISPELLING THE MYTHS--BIOCATALYSIS in Industrial Synthesis. Science 2003: Vol. 299:1694 - 1697 Biocatalysis product examples Bulk chemicals (烟酰胺, 丙烯酰胺, 哌啶酮) Pharmaceutical food ingredients (亮氨酸, 麻黄硷,阿斯巴甜糖) Antibiotics (羟氨苄青霉素, 头孢氨苄) 5 Reaction Scheme for Aspartame Manufacture thermolysin 6 Classification of -lactam acylases based on substrates β－内酰胺酰基转移酶 青菌素 头孢菌素 7 Contribution of biocatalysis to chemical production 据全球知名咨询公司麦肯锡(McKinseyCo)2009年发布的报告预测，未来生物 技术产品将快速发展，到2010年后其销售额将占全球化学工业总销售额的10%； 2007年，生物技术营业收入仅占全球化学总营业收入的6%，即1000亿欧元，随 着其商业化规