改革的背景 中国——改革之前出现了土地兼并狂潮（The background of the reform China, the land annexation spree appeared before the reform）.docVIP

改革的背景 中国——改革之前出现了土地兼并狂潮（The background of the reform China, the land annexation spree appeared before the reform） Reform in China and the West - class 1, --11 history, western arts, ---03 1, the background of reform: Chinese reform appeared before the annexation of land in the national land frenzy, with 8 million 500 thousand Ares, and to Takamune Hiroji in 15 years was reduced to 4 million 230 thousand hectares, a decrease of 50% or more (by a compiled volume 187). Because the emperor and the nobility, the government land tax exemption, so unlimited expansion, Guan Tian led directly to national tax revenue. In addition to landlords collusion between officials, abuse of tax reduction should be free of excessive Fu, resulting in the Treasury deficit, causing serious financial crisis. In order to pass the crisis and the inevitable increasing of farmers heavy dogsbodies, this has caused a large number of bankrupt farmers displaced refugees fleeing abandoned industry, the outbreak of the uprising, the formation of growing social crisis. At the same time, the internal corruption of the authoritarian system, the corruption of the ruling clique, caused the state machinery to function out of order. Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582 years) in 1572 served as cabinet minister (Prime Minister), then the God Wanli emperor, just a teenager. Generally speaking, the main contradiction in Chinese society in the sixteenth Century was the contradiction between the feudal state and the broad masses of peasants. Western European countries -- with the development of capitalist production, the emerging bourgeoisie of the feudal autocracy and corruption of the arrogance of the church formed a powerful force against. In the western society of the sixteenth Century, the main contradiction was the contradiction between the new bourgeoisie and the feudal church. At that time Europe, the holy see in Rome, was the international center of the Catholic Church, and the Pope was the Supreme leader. Like