第1部分 Java语言.pptxVIP

第1部分 Java语言;继承是面向对象编程技术的一块基石，因为它允许创建分等级层次的类。 运用继承，你能够创建一个通用类，它定义了一系列相关项目的一般特性。 该类可以被更具体的类继承，每个具体的类都增加一些自己特有的东西。 被继承的类叫超类（superclass）。 继承超类的类叫子类（subclass）。 ;8.1 继承的基础;例 P 134 一个超类A和一个名为B的子类;class SimpleInheritance { public static void main(String args[]) { A superOb = new A(); B subOb = new B(); // The superclass may be used by itself. superOb.i = 10; superOb.j = 20; System.out.println(Contents of superOb: ); superOb.showij(); System.out.println(); /* The subclass has access to all public members of its superclass. */ subOb.i = 7; subOb.j = 8; subOb.k = 9; System.out.println(Contents of subOb: ); subOb.showij(); subOb.showk(); System.out.println(); System.out.println(Sum of i, j and k in subOb:); subOb.sum(); } };Ans:;8.1.1 成员的访问和继承;例 P135 不能访问超类中被声明成 private 的成员;// As j is not accessible here. class B extends A { int total; void sum() { total = i + j; // ERROR, j is not accessible here } } class Access { public static void main(String args[]) { B subOb = new B(); subOb.setij(10, 12); subOb.sum(); System.out.println(Total is + subOb.total); } };8.1.2 更实际的例子 Box 类扩展成员weight; // constructor used when no dimensions specified Box() { width = -1; // use -1 to indicate height = -1; // an uninitialized depth = -1; // box } // constructor used when cube is created Box(double len) { width = height = depth = len; } // compute and return volume double volume() { return width * height * depth; } };class BoxWeight extends Box { double weight; // weight of box // constructor for BoxWeight BoxWeight(double w, double h, double d, double m) { width = w; height = h; depth = d; weight = m; } };class DemoBoxWeight { public static void main(String args[]) { BoxWeight mybox1 = new BoxWeight(10, 20, 15, 34.3); BoxWeight mybox2 = new BoxWeight(2, 3, 4, 0.076); double vol; vol = mybox1.volume();