中外历史的重大改革（Major reforms in Chinese and foreign history）.docVIP

中外历史的重大改革（Major reforms in Chinese and foreign history） 2007 college entrance examination review history thematic integration Topic four major reforms in Chinese and foreign history (1) important reforms and political reform in ancient China 1., the reform in the spring and Autumn Period (1) Guan Zhong reform Time: Seventh Century bc. Content: the reform of the economy (through the industry and commerce, the benefits of fishing and salt), phase to land and decline, and political and military affairs. Role: Qi soon became an oriental power. (2) the beginning of the sixth Century B.C., the implementation of levy by acre, started by acres of tax. The reform of the Qi and Lu are the implementation of the new tax system, namely the land tax, the new tax system made by the state-owned land to private. 2. political reform during the Warring States Period (1) Shang Yangs political reform; Background: the system is gradually replaced by the feudal land ownership; the new landlord class for the abolition of the slave privileges of the nobility, the development of the feudal economy, establish the rule of the landlord class. The main content: people why Wu, sit implement method; the restraining, reward farming and weaving; Third Military awards, according to work by the prince; burnt out poetry and decrees; the unification of weights and measures; the waste for the packet, the county system; the abolition of the system. Nature: the political reform of the landlord class. Influence: abolished the hereditary privileges of the slave owners, nobles, abolished the old system of Qin, promoted the development of the feudal economy, strengthened the centralized system of the new landlord class and laid the foundation for the unification of the Qin dynasty. But the severe law and cultural high handed policy, also has a negative impact on the later Qin dynasty. Reasons for success: to conform to the historical trend (root cause), to support by the supreme ruler, and to take proper measu