分析化学中的数据处理（Data processing in Analytical Chemistry）.docVIP

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分析化学中的数据处理（Data processing in Analytical Chemistry）.doc

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分析化学中的数据处理（Data processing in Analytical Chemistry）

分析化学中的数据处理（Data processing in Analytical Chemistry） The seventh chapter is data processing in Analytical Chemistry Teaching purpose: processing the experimental data by using the method of mathematical statistics, the results will be better expressed, which can display the measuring precision, and can express the accuracy of the results; the significant test method, for comparison, and the standard value of the test sample value of two compared to the average value and the choice of suspicious value. Teaching emphasis: estimation of population mean; t test Teaching difficulties: the understanding of the normal distribution of random variables, the correct use of various tests, and the two-sided and one-sided tests. 1. population and sample Overall: in statistics, the whole of the object under investigation is called the population (or the matrix). Individual: each unit that makes up the whole. Sample (Zi Yang): a set of measurements randomly taken from the population (a part of the population that is randomly extracted from the population). Sample size: the number of individuals contained in the sample, expressed in n. Example: The extension analysis of total hardness of water, in accordance with the rules for sampling, from 2000ml samples for analysis from river water, the water sample 2000ml is used for analysis in general, if you remove the 20 samples from water samples were analyzed in parallel, get 20 results, a random sample of this group results is the extension of river water samples the sample size was 20. 2. random variables from the same population of infinite number of measurements are random, called random variables. (overall average), the average deviation of single measurements 7.1 standard deviation 7.1.1 overall standard deviation (unlimited measurement) These works the number of measurements 7.1.2 sample standard deviation (finite range measurement) (n-1) - degree of freedom 7.1.3 relative standard deviation Relative standard deviation (coefficient