图像处理 灰度变换与空间滤波.pdf

张 萍 电子科技大学 光电信息学院 E-mail: pingzh@uestc.edu.cn Image Enhancement Contrast stretching Image Enhancement DenoisingDenoising forfor lowlow-lightlight imageimage Image Enhancement SharpeningSharpening forfor circuitcircuit boardboard Types of Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain Single pixel methods - Gray level transformations Example - Historggram eqqualization - Contrast stretching - Arithmetic/logic operations ExamplesExamples - Image subtraction - Image averaging MultipleMultiple pixelpixel methodsmethods Examples: Spatial filtering - Smoothing filters - Sharpening filters What is spatial domain ? The space where all pixels form an image . In spatial domain we can represent an image byf (x,y), where x andand yy areare coordinatescoordinates alongalong xx andand yy axisaxis withwith respectrespect toto anan origin. ThereThere isis dualityduality betweenbetween SpatialSpatial andand FrequencyFrequency DomainsDomains. Using the Fourier Imagges in the sppatial ttransfform, ththe wordd domain are pictures in the “distance” is lost but the x,y plane where the word wordword “frequencyfrequency” “di“distance”” iis meaniingffull. becomes alive. What is spatial domain ? FourierFourierFourierFourier transformtransformtransformtransform Spatial domainSpatial domain