天文基础知识（Astronomical Basics）.docVIP

天文基础知识（Astronomical Basics） 0, to identify the stars in the sky, we must first learn to use the star map. The star chart describes the arrangement, shape, and luminosity of stars, and is a very important tool for the identification of stars. The star is mainly divided into four kinds: four star, star, star and monthly rotating star (satellite map) all day long. The first three star maps need to be used in conjunction with the latitude of the observation site. The four seasons star chart and monthly star chart can be replaced by a revolving star map. 1. The naming rules of stars in constellations The naming rule for stars is this: according to the brightness of stars, from star to dark, each star is represented by a Greek alphabet. When the twenty-four Greek letters are used up, they are followed by the Arabia numeral. 2. The concept of magnitude Magnitude is an astronomical representation of the brightness of stars, denoted as M. According to astronomy, the brightness of stars is represented by magnitude. The smaller the magnitude, the brighter the star, and the difference in the magnitude of each star is about 1, and the brightness of the star is about 2.5 times. The darkest star we can see with the naked eye is the 6 star (6 m). The brightness in the sky is more than 6 (that is, the magnitude is less than 6), that is, there are more than 6000 stars we can see. Of course, we can only see half of them and more than 3000 of them each night. The full moon of the brightness is equivalent to the -12.6 (writing in astronomy -12.6m); the sun is the brightest object we see, its brightness is -26.7 m; and the worlds largest astronomical telescope can see dark to 24 m objects. The magnitude of what we say here, in fact, reflects the extent of the brightness of the celestial objects seen from the earth, and in astronomy what is called the apparent magnitude. The sun looks brighter than all the stars, its stars are equal, and all the stars are much smaller. It is just the ligh