UNIT 3 LITTLE ELLENS DIARY LESSON 20--一般过去时.pptVIP

UNIT 3 LITTLE ELLENS DIARY LESSON 20 A. 表示过去的动作或状况。句中常有表示过去的时间状语，如：yesterday, three days ago, last month, in1999等。 Eg: I was born in 1944. Where were you yesterday morning? We both watched TV last night. Did you meet your friend this morning. B.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。句子中常带有every day, often , always, sometimes 等时间状语。 eg: Bell often visited his uncle’s farm. When Tom and John were at school ,they sometimes played football together. 2.一般过去时的构成 1）动词 be 的一般过去时。 动词be的过去有两种形式： 第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was;其余的人称用were. eg : I was late yesterday. He was in Shanghai last month. 一般过去时的肯定式，否定式和疑问式的结构与一 般现在时的结构是相同的。 2） 否定式：P 83 (SHB) 主语+系动词was (were) not +…. Was not →wasn’t were not →weren’t 3）疑问式：P84 Was (Were)+主+ ….? 回答：Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t. 4）特殊疑问句：SHB P85 疑问词+was (were )+主+….？ 二、行为动词的一般过去时： 1.行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词的过去式是在动词原形后加-ed 构成。 （1）在动词后加-ed 如：worked ,helped , stayed, called , wanted, needed [t] [d] [id] (2)以e结尾的动词只加-d hoped, liked , believed, lived (3) 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词先将y变为i，再加-ed studied, tried (4) 以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写辅音字母后再加-ed (以x 结尾的词除外)。 如：stopped, mapped , planned, referred, admitted, omitted (5) 以元音字母+y结尾的词， 直接加-ed, y无须改为i Obey-obeyed, enjoy-enjoyed, play- played repair-repaired, mend-mended, need-needed expect-expected, happen-happened, stop-stopped. depart-departed, watch-watched 2.肯定式： SHB P86. 主+动词的过去式+…. 3.否定式 主+助动词did+动词原形…. 行为动词一般过去式的否定式，要使 用助动词do 的过去式did，后面的谓 语动词用原形。 Did not →didn’t. 4.一般疑问句： 助动词Did+ 主+动词原形…? Yes, 主+did No,主+didn’t . 5.特殊疑问句： 疑问词+did+主+动词原形+…? e.g.: Where did you work? We worked in a factory. 三、倒装句 So+be/do+主语 在英语中，由于语言变化的需要，常常使用倒装结构，倒装结构的种类较多，但在结构上却有共同之处，即将谓语动词或谓语的一部分，如助动词（情态动词）等移至主语的前面。 为了避免语言的重复，可以使用so+be/do+主语这样的倒装句。 eg: He has supper at seven o’clock, and so do I. She is French, and so am I. They were late, and so were we. He went to India last year, and so did she.