CHAPTER 4 The Components of the System 3. Data Representation 课件.pptVIP

CHAPTER 4 The Components of the System Unit Data Representation 2 Binary numbers Binary number is simply a number comprised of only 0s and 1s. Computers use binary numbers because its easy for them to communicate using electrical current -- 0 is off, 1 is on. You can express any base 10 (our number system -- where each digit is between 0 and 9) with binary numbers. The need to translate decimal number to binary and binary to decimal. There are many ways in representing decimal number in binary numbers. (later) 3 How does the binary system work? It is just like any other system In decimal system the base is 10 We have 10 possible values 0-9 In binary system the base is 2 We have only two possible values 0 or 1. The same as in any base, 0 digit has non contribution, where 1’s has contribution which depends at there position. 4 Example 3040510 = 30000 + 400 + 5 = 3*104+4*102+5*100 101012 =10000+100+1 =1*24+1*22+1*20 5 Unsigned Representation Represents positive integers. Unsigned representation of 157: Addition is simple: 1 0 0 1 + 0 1 0 1 = 1 1 1 0. position 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit pattern 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 contribution 27 24 23 22 20 6 Fraction Representation To represent fraction we need other representations: Fixed point representation Floating point representation. 7 Representation of negative numbers Is a representation of negative numbers possible? Unfortunately: you can not just stick a negative sign in front of a binary number. (it does not work like that) There are three methods used to represent negative numbers. Signed magnitude notation Excess notation notation Two’s complement notation 8 Unicode - representation ASCII code can represent only 128 = 27 characters. It only represents the English Alphabet plus some control characters. Unicode is designed to represent the worldwide interchange. It uses 16 bits and can represents 32,768 characters. For compatibility, the first 128 Unicode a