Unit 2 The Environment Grammar 导学案 2.doc

Unit 2 The Environment Grammar 导学案 2 【学习目标】-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随 【自主学习】 1.作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 (常同连词when， after， while， once， until等连用) 注：当现在分词短语用来表示时间时，可以和when， after 等引导的时间状语从句互换 1.Hearing the bad news， they couldn’t help crying. =When they heard the bad news， they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 2Having received his letter， I decided to write back. =After I had received his letter， I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 2. 作原因状语 Being a student， I must work hard. =Because I am a student， I must work hard Being so angry， he couldn’t go to sleep =Because he was so angry， he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。 Having been to the Great Wall many times， he didn’t go last week. = 因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 Working hard， you will succeed. =If you work hard， you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 Putting more salt into the soup， you will find it more delicious =If you put more salt into the soup， you will find it more delicious Being given more attention， the trees could have grown better. = 4. 作伴随状语： They came into the classroom， singing and laughing. = ? The students came in， ______________(follow) their teacher. ? My cousin came to see me from the country， _____________ (bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits. 5. 作结果状语 当现在分词短语用来表结果时，可以和as a result 引导的结果状语从句互换。也相当于which引导一个非限制性定语从句 The factory keeps releasing smoke， making the air dirty. =The factory keeps releasing smoke，———————————(非限制性定语从句) =The factory keeps releasing smoke.__________ _ the air is made dirty. ? She does exercise for an hour every day， causing her to keep a slim figure. ? =She does exercise for an hour every day， _________