英语语法英语语法大纲.docxVIP

关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里  HYPERLINK /test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 /test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 语法 七剑 下天山 一：时态：所谓的时态，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表： 过去现在将来过去将来一般diddowill/shall dowould do进行was/were doingam/is/are doingwill/shall be doingWould be doing完成had donehave/has donewill/shall have donewould have done完成进行had been doinghave/has been doing略略 1．主动形式 2．被动形式 二：情态动词 英语中常用作主动词的有三组词 1 be am are is was were been being 2 have has had having 3 do does did 另外还有shall, will, should, would虽然也是助动词，但是有时候也起到情态动词的作用，可以说是介乎助动词和情态动词之间的词。 情态动词有：can could may might need must have to ought to be able to dare had better 三：非谓语动词 1 分词 ：现在主动进行,过去分词被动状态 现在分词 1)一般式: Do you see the Obama talking to Julian? (与谓语动词同步发生) 2)完成形式：Not having made enough money, they suffered from hunger and cold. (发生谓语动词之前) 3)完成被动形式：Having been changed, their life seems perfect.( 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动) 过去分词 过去分词表示被动：Fight no battle unprepared. 2)过去分词的进行形式：Youll find the person being discussed everywhere. (强调正在被做) 这两种非谓语动词，都可以构成复合结构，非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语。 他们之间的一致关系——主动还是被动，往往就是考点。 2 不定式 一）不定式的常考形式： 一般形式：He decided to practice harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be allowed to dosome heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 if I have three days to see 2）不定式做状语----目的 I am happy to be here today. 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 （1）感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do　 表示动作的完整性，整个过程，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 　新概念二册 第三十五课： He saw 2 thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. 　(强调他看见了这个事实和过程) 　新概念二册 第七十五课： Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead.（强调飞机正在飞行这个动作） 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.（主系表） （2