Unit 3 Period 6-7 教学设计.docVIP

Period 6-7 Non-restrictive attributive clause 1、非限制性定语从句 I．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的5点区别 1、形式不同 限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开，而非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗开. 2、意义和作用的不同 限制性定语从句是对先行词在意义上不可缺少的限定语，如果没有从句，先行词的意思就不完整或无意义或不符合逻辑. 而非限制性定语从句是先行词的补充说明或描绘的作用， 是附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句与先行词的关系松散， 如果省去也不致影响主句的意思. a. He is the man (whom ) I want to see. b. Those who wish to go to the park must be at the gate by 7:50 am. c. Mr. Zhang， who came to see me yesterday， is an old friend of my father’s. d. Last night I saw a very good film， which was about the Long March. 3、翻译的方式和意思不同 限制性定语从句往往翻译成一句；而非限制性定语从句往往翻译成二句. a. The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained. 希望踢足球的那些男孩因为下雨而感到失望. b. The boys， who wanted to play football ， were disappointed when it rained. 那些男孩想踢足球，他们因下雨而感到失望. a. The travelers who knew about the floods took another road. 知道道路被淹的那些旅客都改道走了. b. The travelers， who knew about the floods， took another road. 旅客知道道路被淹了， 都改道走了. a. He said nothing that made her angry. b. He said nothing， which made her angry. 4、先行词有所不同. 限制性定语从句修饰名词或代词，不能修饰句子，但非限制性定语从句不但可以解释或说明某个名词或代词而且可以解释或说明整个句子。 5、词的不同 在限制性定语从句中，先行词是人或物时大多可以用that 来替代who(宾格时whom)/which， 但在非限制性的定语从句中则不能用that， 指人时只能用who/whom(但他们不可以互换使用)，指物时只能用which.。但是先行词表示时间的话，仍用when； 先行词表示地点的，仍用where， 表示所属关系仍用whose. 在非限制性定语从句中关系代词和副词都不能省略. II．在什么情况下使用非限制性定语从句： 1、家庭成员具有唯一性的名词作为先行词的时候 a. My father， who works in Shanghai， will come back. b. My mother， who loves me very much ， is always ready to help others. c. I have a brother who works in a chemical works. 我有一个在化工厂工作的哥哥。 d. I have a brother， who works in a chemical works.我有一个哥哥， 他在化工厂工作。所以说，限制性定语从句在意义上具有“涉他性”，而非限制性定语从句在“唯一性” 2、当先行词为专有名词，其从句通常是非限制性的。因为专有名词是某人，某地，某机构的特有名称时，他本身就具有特殊性，无须用定语从句在加以限定。 a. Abraham Lincoln， who led the United States through these years， was shot on April，14， 1865. b. Galileo lived in the city of Pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high. c. In the 1870’s， when Marx was already in his fifties， he began to learn Russian. 3、当先行词表是类属意义，即表示某类动物、事物或人物时其后所指的定语从句