燃料电池车用离心压缩机窄带啸叫噪声实验测试与分析.PDFVIP

振 动 与 冲 击 第 3 6 卷第 7 期 JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK Vol. 36 No. 7 2017 燃料电池车用离心压缩机窄带啸叫噪声实验测试与分析 韦开君，左曙光，吴旭东，万 玉 ，许思传 (同济大学新能源汽车工程中心，上 海 2 01804) 主 商 要 ：以某燃料电池车用离心压缩机为研究对象，测试并分析其在不同工况下的气动性能及气动噪声。试验结 果表明：当离心压缩机工作在高效率的额定工况区时，进口处气动噪声最小，总声压级峰值出现在轻度喘振线附近;额定 工况和阻塞工况的主要噪声源为旋转基频噪声;轻度喘振工况的主要噪声源为窄带啸叫噪声，其频率约为转频的3 . 9 倍; 深度喘振工况时550 ~ 2 000 H z 的宽频噪声明显上升;叶片通过频率噪声与流量无明显关系，且对总体噪声贡献量不大。 应用商业软件C F X 对轻度喘振工况下离心压缩机窄带啸叫噪声的产生机理进行分析。仿真结果表明：当离心压缩机流 量低于额定流量时，进口冲角增大，导致主叶片、分流叶片前缘及扩压器内靠近轮罩面出现严重的二次流，叶片前缘和扩 压器的同时失速是造成轻度喘振工况下窄带啸叫噪声的主要原因。 关 键 词 ：燃料电池车;离心压缩机;噪声试验;啸叫;轻度喘振;C F D 仿真 中图分类号：T H 452;U 469.72 文献标志码 ： A DOI ：1 0 .1 3 4 6 5 /j. cnki. jvs. 2017. 07. 003 Measurement and analysis for whoosh noise of a centrifugal compressor in a fuel cell vehicle WEI Kaijun , ZUO Shuguang , WU Xudong , WAN Y u , XU Sichuan (C lean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 2 0 1 8 0 4 , China) Abstract ： The performance and acoustic characteristics of a centrifugal compressor in a fuel cell vehicle were measured under different operating conditions. The test results showed that the lowest overall sound pressure level of the compressor inlet occurs in the rated condition area, while the highest level occurs near the mild surge line ；the main noise source is the rotational fundamental frequency noise under the rated condition and the blocking condition ；the main noise source under the mild surge condition is the narrow - band whoosh noise, its frequency is about 3.5 times of the rotating frequency ；the broadband noise in a range of 550