组培重点 英文 老师总结培训.docVIP

Microstructure, ultrastructure and function 光镜结构，电镜结构和功能 Epithelial Tissue上皮组织：simple squamous epithelium单层扁平上皮（Endothelium内皮，Mesothelium间皮） Simple cuboidal epithelium，Simple columnar epithelium，Pseudostratified ciliated columnar，Stratified squamous epithelium（Nonkeratinised未角质化 Keratinised），Transitional epithelium Free surface游离面： Microvilli微绒毛，Cilium纤毛 lateral surface侧面：Tight junction，Intermediate junction，Desmosome ，Gap junction basal surface基底面：Basement membrane，Plasma membrane infolding质膜内褶Hemi-desmosome半桥粒 Loose Connective tissue: fibroblast成纤维细胞，macrophage巨噬细胞，plasma cell浆细胞，mast cell肥大细胞； fat cell，undifferentiated mesenchymal cell 未分化的间充质细胞，leukocyte白细胞 Collagenous fiberElastic fiber弹性纤维，Reticular fiber网状纤维（argyrophilic fiber嗜银纤维） hyaline cartilage透明软骨 Bone骨： Osteoprogenitor cell骨祖细胞, Osteoblast成骨细胞，Osteocyte骨细胞, Osteoclast破骨细胞 Compact bone骨密质：Circumferential lamellae环骨板，Osteon骨单位 (Haversian system) ，Interstitial lamellae间骨板 Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell, RBC)红细胞，Reticulocytes网织红细胞 Leukocyte (White Blood Cell, RBC)白细胞 Neutrophil中性粒细胞，Eosinophil，basophil，lymphocyte，monocyte， Blood platelet (Thrombocyte)血小板 skeletal muscle骨骼肌, cardiac muscle心肌, and smooth muscle平滑肌 Sarcomere肌节，Triad三联体，Intercalated disc闰盘 Neuron神经元：Nissl body尼氏体，Neurofibril神经原纤维 Chemical synapse化学性突触，Neuroglial cell 神经胶质细胞(glial cell)，Myelinated nerve fiber有髓神经纤维 Nerve Ending神经末梢 Capillary毛细血管（continuous capillary，fenestrated capillary，sinusoidal capillary）， Artery动脉，Medium-sized Artery， Large Artery， Vein静脉，Purkinje fiber Mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)单核吞噬细胞系统， Antigen-presenting cells (APC)抗原呈递细胞, Thymus胸腺：Blood thymus barrier血胸屏障，thymus corpuscle胸腺小体 Lymph node?淋巴结: Parenchyma: cortex: superficial cortex浅层皮质 +deep cortex=paracortical zone深皮质=副皮质区 + medulla髓质 lymphocyte recirculation淋巴细胞再循环, high endothelial venule高内皮微静脉 Spleen脾: White pulp白髓: periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS)动脉周围淋巴鞘 +splenic corpuscle脾小体 Marginal zone边缘区 Red pulp红随: splenic cord脾索 + splenic sinus脾窦 Skin皮肤=epidermi