玉米秸秆低温降解复合菌系的筛选.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2013,46(19):4082-4090 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.19.014 玉米秸秆低温降解复合菌系的筛选 萨如拉，高聚林，于晓芳，胡树平 （内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010019 ） 摘要：【目的】为加快北方高寒地区玉米秸秆降解速度，筛选低温条件下具有良好降解玉米秸秆的复合菌系。 【方法】以富含纤维素的腐烂物为菌源，通过滤纸崩解初筛、酶活和秸秆降解率为指标复筛进行玉米秸秆降解菌 系的筛选，并对其成分进行分析。【结果】从腐烂的树叶和高原锯末中筛选到两组玉米秸秆降解复合菌系1 号和8 号。1 号和8 号复合菌系在玉米秸秆培养基中，15℃培养15 d，玉米秸秆分解率分别达到30.21%和32.21%；1 号 复合菌系包含木霉和多种细菌，8 号复合菌系含青霉和多种细菌；两组复合菌系优势细菌均为梭菌属和芽孢杆菌 属菌种。【结论】筛选到的菌系在低温（15℃）实验室条件下能降解玉米秸秆，菌系主要组成是木霉、青霉、梭菌 属（Clostridium sp.）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus sp.）和草螺菌属（Herbaspirillum sp.）的细菌。 关键词：玉米秸秆；降解菌系；低温；DGGE Screening of Low Temperature Maize Stalk Decomposition Microorganism Sarula, GAO Ju-lin, YU Xiao-fang, HU Shu-ping (Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Hohhot 010019 ) Abstract: 【Objective 】 For the purpose of accelerating the northern region maize straw degradation speed, a research was conducted to screen microorganism which has a good ability to degradate maize straw under the conditions of low temperature. 【Method 】 In this experiment, materials rich in cellulose were used as bacteria sources, through preliminary screening by filter-paper disintegration indicator, enzyme activity and straw degradation rate re-screening, the maize straw degradation strains were selected, then its composition was analyzed. 【Result 】 Using this method, two cellulose-degrading microflora (designated as No.1 and No.8) capable of effectively degrading maize straw was enriched from plateau rotted sawdust successfully. The microf lora No.1 and No.8 were inoculated in the medium with maize straw as a sole carbon and energy sourc