轮轨接触力学2-2017.ppt

4.6 轮轨滚动接触蠕滑率定义 轮轨接触点刚性蠕滑率 ： 注意：蠕滑率是在接触点处局部坐标系里定义。 4.7.1）直线轨道情形，拖车 4.7 轮轨蠕滑率与接触几何的关系 a) 纵向蠕化率 半径变化贡献。速度取：与名义半径相比的速度差在滚动方向分量 横移贡献。速度取：横移速度在滚动方向分量 轮轨摇头贡献的纵向蠕化率。速度取 = 接触点到轨道中心的水平距离×摇头角速度 注意：采用局部坐标系，y沿车轮轴线方向，x 与其垂直， 故计算中，需转化到依轨道建立的整体坐标系。 * b) 横向蠕化率 自旋贡献。速度取：轮对自旋在横向分量×滚动半径 接触公切面与与水平方向的夹角，（接触角定义为公切面与轴线的夹角，故应加、减侧滚角） 横移贡献。速度取：横移速度在横向上分量 接触点位置变化贡献。速度取：接触点位置变化速度的横向分量 侧滚贡献。速度取：侧滚角速度横向分量导致的横向速度 侧滚贡献。速度取：侧滚角速度纵向分量导致的横向速度 径向速度贡献。速度取：轮对径向速度沿横向分量 * c) 自旋蠕化率 自旋贡献。轮对转动的自旋分量 摇头贡献。轮对摇头（转动）的自旋分量 直线轨道情形，拖车 上述各位移、角度都很小，相应的速度、角加速度更小，故红框之外各项都是很小量 2）曲线轨道情形 对比直线工况，曲线通过时，横向蠕滑率表达式相同 左右轮理论上滚过距离应为 左右轮轨的滑动量为 曲线通过相关的纵向蠕滑率分量 假设，Δt内轮对有AB位移移动到A’B’,三角形Ot AA’, Ot BB’ 和Ot GWGW’相似 内外轨弧长（轮径）差导致的纵向蠕滑率 1 曲线通过相关的纵向蠕滑率分量 2 轮对相对曲线曲率中心转动产生的 纵向蠕滑率 曲线内，两轨弧长差和相对曲率中心转动对纵向蠕滑率的总影响： 轮对曲线运动角速度导致轮轨之间的自旋蠕滑率： 曲线通过相关的自旋蠕滑率分量 蠕滑大，相对滑动大，即摩擦力大，损伤越研究。 有用蠕滑。 不利（无用）蠕滑。 4.8 蠕滑率与伤损 Any questions? Thank you for your attention! ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The position of the flanges was on the inside, outside, or even on both sides of the wheels, and was still being debated in the 1820s. In the early 1830s the flangeway clearance was opened up to reduce the lateral forces between wheel and rail so that, typically, in current practice about 7 to 10 mm of lateral displacement is allowed before flange contact. * The position of the flanges was on the inside, outside, or even on both sides of the wheels, and was still being debated in the 1820s. In the early 1830s the flangeway clearance was opened up to reduce the lateral forces between wheel and rail so that, typically, in current practice about 7 to 10 mm of lateral displacement is allowed before flange contact. * The position of the flanges was on the inside, outside, or even on both sides of the wheels, and was still being debated in the 1820s. In the early 1830s the flangeway clearance was opened up to reduce the lateral forces between wheel and rail so that, typically, in current practice about 7 to 10 mm of lateral displacement is allowed before flange con