浅析地缘政治学对日本侵华的影响参考资料 .docVIP

浅析地缘政治学对日本侵华的影响 连江五中历史组 肖友保 中文摘要 20世纪地缘政治学对日本侵华的动机、策略、结果等影响深远。1895年甲午战争前的东亚一直是中国占主导地位，日本明治维新后，随着军事实力的增长和“地缘野心的膨胀”，日本开始挑战中国在本地区的主导地位。从地缘政治角度看，中国占据欧亚大陆半壁江山，既有“世界心脏地带”的一部分，又有“边缘地带”——欧亚沿海陆地的一部分，而这些部分正是日本称霸亚太地区甚或世界的“兵家必争之地”。于是仅因客观原因的地理存在，中国即被一心想统领亚太甚或世界的日本视为当然的对手。在欧亚大陆，中国是唯一与东北亚、东南亚、南亚、中亚及俄罗斯（苏联）直接为邻的国家，其辽阔的幅员及独特的地理位置，使其成为能够严重影响日本全球性或地区性利益的地缘政治大国。至此，以中国为中心目标，以朝鲜，台湾和东南亚为两翼，以控制欧亚大陆东部边缘地带为重心，进而掌控中国东北（满蒙）和俄罗斯（苏联）的西伯利亚等“心脏地带”，从而称霸亚太或世界，成为日本的对外战略。为了达到这个目标，日本帝国主义可谓费尽心思，图谋已久。但由于日本实力与先北进，北进受挫后又以南下促北进即想以海权促陆权的发展，突出陆权的地缘政治战略目标相差甚远，最终称霸亚太或世界的美梦还是功亏一篑。 关键词：地缘政治学 陆权论 海权论 大陆政策 海洋政策 The Influence Of Geopolitics Upon Japan Invading China Abstract The Influence of Geopolitics on the motivations, strategies and results that Japan invaded China were profound in 20 century. China was in holding sway in Eastern Asia before jia-wu war on 1895.After Meiji reform in Japan, with the growth of military resource and the expedition of geopolitical ambition, Japan began to challenge Chinese station in the areas. In geopolitics terms, China was in half of the country in Eurasia, not only was in a measure of heartland of the land in the word, but also in a measure of borderland of the land along a coast in Eurasia. These parts were points of battle which (where) Japan wanted to dominate the Asia-Pacific even the world. On objective geographic causes, China was regarded as an opponent by Japan. In Eurasia, China is exclusive country adjacent to Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia and Russia (soviets). For its vast extent of territory and peculiar geographical position, China is a geopolitical big power which can affect Japanese worldwide or regional interests. By this time, the foreign policy of Japan came into being: China was centered on the chief object; Korea, Taiwan and Southeast Asia were looked as two flank; Controlling the east borderland in Eurasia was regarded as center of gravity; Dominating the heartland of northeast China (Man-meng) and Siberia of Russia (Soviet Union) wa