相位差的测量-电测与仪表.DOC

基于初相和谐波理论的相位差测量方法* 傅中君1,2，王建宇1，周根元2，陈鉴富2，欧云3 （1.南京理工大学，南京 210094；2.江苏理工学院，江苏 常州 213001；3.常州外国语学校，江苏 常州 213001） 摘要：同频周期信号的相位差等于两个信号的初相差。文给出了一种基于谐波叠加和牛顿迭代运算的周期信号初相计算方法，进而引入准同步DFT非整数修正算法并提出一种新的相位差测量方法。该方法如下：（1）同步采样被测周期信号的波形数据；（2）应用准同步DFT非整数修正算法获得高精度的谐幅值和谐相角；（3）应用初相计算方法计算各自的初相；（4）计算相位差。仿真实验结果表明该方法可用于满足狄里赫利条件波形的相位差测量，频率漂移适应范围宽，测量精度高。 关键词：相位差测量；周期信号；谐波分析；初相；非整数谐波分析 中图分类号：TM933 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1001-1390（2015）00-0000-00 A method for phase measurement based on initial phase and harmonic theory Fu Zhongjun1,2, Wang Jianyu1, Zhou Genyuan2, Chen Jianfu2, Ou Yun3 (1.Nanjing University of Science Technology, Nanjing 210094, China. 2.Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu, China. 3.Changzhou Foreign Languages School, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu, China) Abstract: As we all know, the phase difference of two same frequency periodic signals equals to their initial-phase difference. For this reason, we give an initial-phase calculation method (IPCM) which is based on harmonic superposition theory and the Newton iteration algorithm. The non-integer phase difference measurement (NI-PDM) method by initial-phase is as follows: (1) Synchronous sampling the waveform data of two periodic signals; (2) Getting high-precision amplitude and phase of each harmonic by using the non-integer harmonic analysis algorithm (NI-DFT); (3) Calculating initial-phase respectively by IPCM; (4) Calculating the phase difference. Simulation results show that this method has a wide range of signal frequency drift and a high-precision, and can be used to measure the phase difference of waveform which meets the Diliheli conditions. Keywords: phase differential measurement, periodic signal, harmonic analysis, initial phase, NI-DFT0　引 言 相位差测量在电力设备状态监测、信号采集与分析、通信、自动控制等领域有着重要的意义。常用的相位差测量方法可分为模拟测量法和数字测量法两种，模拟测量法直接对被测信号波形或变换波形进行测量获取相位差信息，数字测量法采用数字采 样技术获取被测信号的数字序列然后进行相应的信号处理提取出相位差信息。 常用的模拟测量法有过零法、波形转换法等多种，过零法又包括过零时间法和过零电压比较法等[1]。过零时间法是检测周期信号过零点的时间差，该方法需要精确确定过零点时间和高精度计时装置，但常规