P22 韩博 顾继友 张彦华 朱丽滨 可乳化异氰酸酯稳定性的研究.pdfVIP

Study on stability of emulsifiable polyisocyanate 可乳化异氰酸酯稳定性的研究 Han Bo a, Gu Jiyou b, Zhang Yanhua c, Zhu Libin d College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China, 150040 a b c d *韩 博 , 顾继友 , 张彦华 , 朱丽滨 东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院 哈尔滨 150040 Abstract: The prepolymer was hydrophilic modified polyisocyanate which contains portion of hydrophilic segments and teminal isocyanate groups was synthesized by reaction between various kinds of polyether polyols and polymeric methane diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI). Effect of molar ratio of NCO and OH, different kinds of polyether polyols, concentration of emulsifier on properties of emulsions were investigated. The results showed that under the conditions of NCO/OH=40/1 and emusifier content of 3%, hydropathy of emusifiable polyisocyanate became better, and the polyisocyanate emulsions were satisfied. The pot life of the emulsions was more than 2 hours. The NCO% in the emulsions during 2 hours reached the highest concentration. Keywords: emulsifiable polyisocyanate; aqueous polyisocyanate; stability 摘要：利用多种聚醚多元醇对多异氰酸酯（pMDI ）进行亲水改性，制备含有大量亲水基团的可乳化异氰酸 酯封端预聚体。探讨了NCO 与OH 的摩尔比、聚醚多元醇的种类、乳化剂浓度以及合成温度等因素对乳液 性能的影响。结果表明：NCO/OH 摩尔比为 40:1 、乳化剂浓度 3%时，预聚体的亲水性较好，乳化效果最 佳，乳液适用期可达2 小时以上，2 小时内乳液中NCO%最高。 关键词：可乳化异氰酸酯；水性异氰酸酯；稳定性 1.前言 异氰酸酯是具有高活泼性的有机化合物，极易于含活泼氢的化合物反应，异氰酸酯凭借 其热压时间短、无甲醛、耐水性好、胶接强度高、低施胶量等特点优越于其他胶种。用异氰 酸酯制备的木制品，都具有较高的机械强度和较低的吸水厚度膨胀率，因此异氰酸酯广泛的 应用在木制品加工行业。然而异氰酸酯极易于空气中的水反应，消耗异氰酸酯活性基团，所 以在贮存和运输的过程中需要特殊的处理方法。目前应用较多的溶剂型异氰酸酯由于有机溶 剂有气味、易挥发、易燃、或多或少有毒性以及价格昂贵等缺点，水性可乳化异氰酸酯越来 越受到人们关注，可乳化异氰酸酯以水为基本介质具有不燃、无气味、不污染环境、节能、 易操作加工等优点，是今后的发展方向之一。但由于异氰酸酯分子链中的—NCO 易与水发 生反应，导致乳液不稳定。因此，如何减少—NCO 与水反应的比例，制得稳定的乳液，成 为制备可乳化异氰酸酯的关键。本文探讨了不同类型的亲水改性剂、NCO 与OH 摩尔比、 乳化剂浓度对异氰酸酯乳液稳定性的影响。 2.实验 2.1 材料