线性控制第二章答案.docVIP

2.1 Consider the memoryless system with characteristics shown in Fig 2.19, in which u denotes the input and y the output. Which of them is a linear system? Is it possible to introduce a new output so that the system in Fig 2.19(b) is linear? Figure 2.19 Translation: 考虑具有图2.19中表示的特性的无记忆系统。其中u表示输入，y表示输出。 下面哪一个是线性系统？可以找到一个新的输出，使得图2.19(b)中的系统是线性的吗？ Answer: The input-output relation in Fig 2.1(a) can be described as: Here a is a constant. It is a memoryless system. Easy to testify that it is a linear system. The input-output relation in Fig 2.1(b) can be described as: Here a and b are all constants. Testify whether it has the property of additivity. Let: then: So it does not has the property of additivity, therefore, is not a linear system. But we can introduce a new output so that it is linear. Let: z is the new output introduced. Easy to testify that it is a linear system. The input-output relation in Fig 2.1(c) can be described as: a(u) is a function of input u. Choose two different input, get the outputs: Assure: then: So it does not has the property of additivity, therefore, is not a linear system. 2.2 The impulse response of an ideal lowpass filter is given by for all t, where w and to are constants. Is the ideal lowpass filter causal? Is is possible to built the filter in the real world? Translation: 理想低通滤波器的冲激响应如式所示。对于所有的t，w和to，都是常数。理想低通滤波器是因果的吗？现实世界中有可能构造这种滤波器吗？ Answer: Consider two different time: ts and tr, ts tr, the value of g(ts-tr) denotes the output at time ts, excited by the impulse input at time tr. It indicates that the system output at time ts is dependent on future input at time tr. In other w