基于FPGA的红外图像非均匀性校正电路设计.docVIP

武汉工业学院 毕 业 设 计 论文题目：基于FPGA的红外图像非均匀性校正电路设计 姓 名 樊 扬 学 号 081203126 院 系 电气与电子工程学院 专 业 电子信息科学与技术 指导老师 陈 西 曲 2011年6月6日 摘要 红外成像系统，尤其是红外焦平面阵列，由于探测器材料和制造工艺的原因，各像素点之间的灵敏度存在差别，甚至存在一些缺陷点，各个探测单元特征参数不完全一致，因而存在着较大的非均匀性，降低了图像的分辨率，影响了红外成像系统的有效作用距离。实时非均匀性校正是提高和改善红外图像质量的一项重要技术。本文首先介绍了红外热成像技术的发展,讨论了红外焦平面阵列的基本原理和工作方式,分析了红外非均匀性产生的原因。其次研究了几种主要的非均匀校正方法以及焦平面阵列元的盲元检测和补偿的方法,对红外图像处理技术做了研究。主要研究对其输出信号进行非均匀性校正和图像增强。 在FPGA程序的设计时，无论是整个系统的顶层设计上，还是在数字信号处理的常用的加乘单元上都完全地贯彻了流水线的思想，从而使FPGA工作的并行度大大提高。 本文完成了红外视频图像实时非均匀性校正系统的硬件设计。对该系统的硬件系统中各单元的功能、电路进行了详细的讨论，给出了相应的结构框图。 ABSTRATC There is much non-uniformity in the infrared imaging system, especially in IR Focal Plane Array because of the limits of the detectors materials and the manufacturing technology. This causes the reduction of the distinguish ability of the image and the distance of the infrared imaging system. So real-time non-uniform correction is a key technique for the processing of the infrared signal. This paper firstly introduced the development of infrared thermal imaging technique, researched the principle and working of infrared focal plane array, and analyzed the engendered reasons of infrared nonuniformity. Then, it researched some main methods of nonuniformity correction and detecting approach and compensation of blind-pixel of focal plane array, and the techniques of infrared image processing. It is suitable for processing image at real-time in infrared imaging system.In the program of FPGA, assembly-line technique is used in both the design of the top level of the system and the design of the common adding and multiplying units of digital signal process. This will greatly improve the concurrent degree of the operation of the FPGA system.The design of hardware and software is emphasized in this paper. In the description of hardware, the function and circuit design of every units are discussed in detail. The diagrams of every unit are also listed. In the sof