MicroRNA在肿瘤学的研究进展-肿瘤学专业毕业论文.pdfVIP

MicroRNA 在肿瘤学的研究进展在肿瘤学的研究进展 在肿瘤学的研究进展在肿瘤学的研究进展 中文摘要中文摘要 中文摘要中文摘要 【摘要】 微小 RNA(microRNA ，miRNA)是一种长度约 21-23nt 的非编码 RNA, 成熟的 miRNA 主要作用是对基因转录后水平进行负向调节，通过引起其靶mRNA 的降解或翻译过程的中断而参与细胞增殖、凋亡、免疫、神经内分泌以及干细胞 分化等众多生命过程。越来越多的证据表明，miRNA 有着在肿瘤发生发展过程中 起着重要的调节作用，它是肿瘤诊断和靶向治疗的新靶点。本文归纳了近年来 miRNA 在肿瘤诊断、治疗、耐药发生以及预后评价等方面的研究进展,并对其临床 应用前景作了展望。 【关键词【关键词】microRNA ；肿瘤；发生；诊断；治疗；耐药；预后 【【关键词关键词 1 The progress of microRNA on oncology research Abstract MicroRNAs(miRNA) are approximately21-23-nucleotide non-coding RNAs that can interfere with protein expression either by inducing cleavage of their specific target mRNAs or by inhibiting their translation. MiRNAs have been shown to regulate a rapidly increasing list of complex biological processes including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, metabolism and stem cell differentiation. An overwhelming amount of new evidences points that they play an important regulatory role in tumor development and process which presents a whole spectrum of novel diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we will discuss the progress of microRNA on cancer diagnosis, treatment, drug resistance and prognosis. Finally, the future trends of clinical application are listed. 【【Key words 】】microRNA; cancer; tumorigenesis; diagnosis; treatment; 【【 】】 drug resistance; prognosis 2 正文 微小RNA(microRNAs ,miRNA)是一组长约21-23 个核苷酸的非编码RNA 分子, 其在基因转录后调控中发挥着重要作用。microRNA 参与了大约 1 /3 基因的表达， [1] 涉及细胞增殖、凋亡、免疫、神经内分泌等众多生命过程 。其作用机制是通过与 靶 mRNA 的 3 ’端非编码区(3 ’UTR)形成完全或不