石磊-肥胖门诊麻醉.ppt

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石磊-肥胖门诊麻醉

The Adult Patient With Morbid Obesity and/or Obstructive Sleep Apnea For Ambulatory Surgery Girish P. Joshi, MB BS, MD, FFARCSI 协和规培:石磊 病态肥胖及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停病人的门诊手术麻醉(一) Introduction Morbidly obese(病态肥胖) have an increased risk of Co- morbidities(并存病,Table 1), and therefore pose considerable challenges to the anesthesiologist (Table 2). One of the major co-morbidities associated with obesity includes obstructive sleep apnea (阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,OSA), reported in 60-70% of morbidly obese. 简介 Introduction Table 1: Co-morbidities(并存病) Associated With Obesity(肥胖) Respiratory(呼吸系统): Restrictive pulmonary disease(限制性肺疾病), obstructive sleep apnea(阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停), asthma(哮喘), Pulmonary hypertension(肺动脉高压) Cardiac(心血管): Systemic hypertension(系统性高血压), coronary artery disease(冠状动脉心脏病), dysrhythmias(心律失常), Cardiomyopathy(心肌病), CHF(慢性心衰) Neurologic(神经系统): Stroke(中风) Renal(泌尿系统): Renal dysfunction(肾功能不全) Metabolic(内分泌): Metabolic syndrome(代谢症候群), type 2 diabetes mellitus(2型糖尿病), hypothyroidism(甲低) Introduction Table 2: Challenges in the patients with morbid obesity(病态肥胖) and/or OSA (阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征)undergoing ambulatory surgery(门诊手 术). Intra-operative(手术中): Difficult/failed mask ventilation(面罩通气) and/or tracheal intubation (气管插管) Difficulty in ventilation and/or maintaining adequate oxygen saturation(维持足够氧饱和度) Diffculty in positioning Exacerbation of cardiac co-morbidities(心血管并存病加重): hypertension(高血压), arrhythmias(心律失常),myocardial ischemia(心肌缺血)and infarction(梗塞), pulmonary hypertension(肺动脉高压), heart failure(心衰) Introduction Immediate postoperative(术后即刻): Delayed extubation(拔管延迟) Obstruction and/or desaturation after extubation(拔管后梗阻) Post-obstructive pulmonary edema(梗阻后肺水肿) Need for tracheal reintubation(再插管) Exacerbation of cardiac comorbidities(心血管并存病加重) Cerebrovascular disorders (e.g., stroke)(脑血管疾病) Postoperative delirium(术后谵妄) Prolonged PACU stay(恢复室逗留时间延长) Delayed discharge home(住院时间延长) Introduction Post-discharge(出院后): Readmission after discharge (出院后再入院

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