从碱渣中提取碲的工艺研究.doc

从碱渣中提取碲的工艺研究 符世继，李宗兴，王少龙，翟灿斌* （云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司，云南曲靖 655000） 摘要：碱渣是一种从铅阳极泥中提取贵金属过程中产出的中间物料，其中富集了大量的碲，碱渣中碲主要以亚碲酸钠形态存在。本文从碱渣的组成和性质出发，利用亚碲酸钠易溶于水、PH值处于中性附近时可转化为二氧化碲的特点，采取碱性湿法冶金技术原理提取碲，其基本路线采用碱渣破碎、球磨、浸出、净化、中和、煅烧、碱溶、电积来得到纯碲。重点研究了浸出时NaOH浓度、浸出时间对碲浸出率的影响，Na2S和CaCl2对Cu、Pb和Si杂质的去除效果，中和沉碲的最佳PH值，煅烧除Se的效果，电积电流密度对电积碲纯度的影响。试验表明，浸出时NaOH最佳浓度为浓度25 g·L-1，最佳浸出时间为4h，用Na2S、CaCl2除去浸出液中的杂质Cu2+、Pb2+和SiO2可以取得理想效果，中和沉碲的最佳PH值为5.0～6.0，最理想的电流密度为50~60 A·m-2。通过对提取碲各阶段试验的数据分析，提出各工艺阶段的控制关键，证实本文所采用的工艺流程可以从碱渣中成功提取纯碲。 关键词：碱渣，湿法冶金，提取，碲 中图分类号：TB843.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0258–7076（2011）01–0124–06 Technology Research of Extracting Tellurium from Alkaline Residue Fu Shiji,Li Zongxing,Wang Shaolong,Zhai Canbin* （Yunnan Chihong Zn Ge Co., Ltd.，Yunnan Qujing 655000,China） Abstract: Alkaline residue is one kind of media matter which comes from metallurgy purifying precious metals from lead anode silt, which concentrate great tellurium, and in which tellurium exist on Na2TeO3. Based on constituent and property of alkaline residue, which water is easy to solute Na2TeO3 and Na2TeO3 can turn into TeO2 when PH is 7 or so, alkali hydrometallurgy is chose to extract tellurium, which includes crushing, ball-milling, leach, purification, neutralization, incineration，alkali-dissolving, electrolysis. The paper emphatically study the Effect of NaOH concentrate and leach time on leach tellurium efficiency，purification result of Na2S and CaCl2 on dislodging Cu、Pb and Si，best PH value of neutralization and precipitation，effect of incineration on dislodging Se，effect of electrolysis current on tellurium purity. Results show that，the best concentration of NaOH is 25 g·L-1 on leach tellurium efficiency，optimum leaching time is 4h，Na2S and CaCl2 on dislodging Cu、Pb and Si can be attain the results expectedbest PH value of neutralization and precipitation is 5.0～6.0，the best current density is 50~60 A·m-2. On analyzing experiment data, the paper put forward technology key, confirm that it is practicable Process flow diagrams of extract