3D打印产业的实际态势_困境摆脱与可能走向.pdfVIP

INDUSTRIALECONOMY产业经济 3D打印产业的实际态势、困境摆脱 与可能走向* Actual Situation, Breaking away from Dilemma and Possible Trend of 3D Printing Industry 王忠宏 李扬帆 内容提要 3D 打印是新产业革命背景下的标志性技术之一，未来将会对人类生产制造方式、生活消费方式、组 织管理方式产生深刻影响。 尽管 打印已有 多年的发展历史，但其在质量、性能、材料种类等方面还存在 3D 20 诸多不足，制约了 打印技术的产业化。 面对 打印产业蕴含的机会和挑战，我国应主动适应数字化制造、 3D 3D 智能化制造的发展潮流，探索新形势下 打印产业的发展规律，营造良好的产业生态系统，充分调动企业的 3D 市场主体作用，以应用为牵引，以技术创新为支撑，发挥其对现有产业的提升作用，考虑其可能带来的正反两 方面影响，推动 打印产业持续健康发展。 3D 关键词 3D 打印产业 新产业革命 新发展方式 作者单位 国务院发展研究中心产业经济部 北京 100010 ； 清华大学经济管理学院 北京 100084 Wang Zhonghong Li Yangfan Abstract: 3D Printing is a representative technology in the context of the new industrial revolution, which will bring a profound impact on the future patterns of production, consumption as well as organization of people. Although 3D printing has a history of development for more than 20 years, there are still some shortcomings in its quality, performance and range of materials, which restrict its commercialization. Facing the opportunities and challenges of 3D printing, China should actively adapt to the trend of progress in digital and smart process manufacturing, and explore the rules for developing 3D printing under the new situation. An application-driven and innovation-oriented industrial ecosystem should be built up perfectly, so that the role of enterprise in the market can be fully activated. To facilitate the sustainable development of 3D printing, its benefits in upgrading the existing industries should be promoted, and its potential impact of positive and negative aspects should be considered in advance. Key words: 3D Printing, The New Industrial Revolution, new method for development “ 打印”是“增材制造” 的通俗说法，经过 多年的研发和应用，