常州老城区重点生活污染源对北市河的污染负荷研究.doc

常州市老城区重点生活污染源对北市河的污染负荷研究 蒋建国1，李春萍1，陈爱梅2，乌嘉凌2，范秀娟3，周健飞3，叶彬1 （.清华大学，北京 10004； 2.常州市环境卫生管理处，.常州市环境保护研究所，） 摘要：tudy of the characteristics and loads of key sources of pollutions discharged into Beishi river, Changzhou City JIANG Jian-guo1, LI Chun-ping1, CHEN Ai-mei2, WU Jia-ling2, FAN xiu-juan3, ZHOU Jian-fei3 and YE Bin1 (1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100094, China; 2. Changzhou Solid Waste Administration Department, Changzhou City, Jiangsu 213001, P.R.China; 3. Changzhou Institute for Environmental Protection, Changzhou City, Jiangsu 213001, P.R.China) Abstract: Choosing the Beishi river, Changzhou City as the study area, the sewage generation, pollutants characteristics and sewage discharge in catchment area of Beishi river were conducted, detaile investigated and monitored. After using pollution coefficients, the yearly loads of all sources of pollutions were calculated to determine the highest sewage. The results showed that: the ratio of wastewater discharged directly into the river through storm water pipe network is higher from MSW houses, MSW transfer stations, public toilets, dining and other waste in Changzhou city. The COD and BOD5 the various sources of pollution were of a higher concentrations. The biggest annual polluting load discharged into Beishi river is dining, followed by the sanitation facilities.Therefore, cutting pollution control of food and sanitation facilities along the river is particularly urgent. Key words: sources of pollutions; sewage coefficient, wastewater characteristics, polluting load 随着城市人口、经济的发展，各种工业废水和生活污水大量排入河网，致使水环境质量日益恶化，成为困扰城市环境和经济可持续发展的一个主要问题。城市群的建设与发展，不仅带来社会经济的繁荣和进步，同时带来突出的水环境污染问题水环境的恶化给很多水资源充裕的地区造成了水质性缺水现象，使大量的水资源无法得到有效利用，同时也给地区经济的发展制造了障碍。流域工业和生活点源污水年排放量达53亿吨，流域城镇生活污水处理率仅为30%左右，污水大多未经处理直接排入河网，污染物总量已远远超过流域水环境承载能力~6]。~9]，因此，常州市水体污染源的排污负荷排查是控制下游受纳水体污染的重要前提。 河道污染源普查是河道治理的第一步。Mimoza Milovanovic以1979-2003年的监测数据，分析得出Axios/Vardar River受到的重金属污染主要来源于作物施肥、生活垃圾以及工业废水等[10]。coullos