亚洲梨黑星病菌致病性及其寄主抗病机制的研究进展.pdfVIP

植物病理学报 ACTA PHYTOPATHOLOGICA SINICA　 42(4):337-344(2012) 췍췍췍췍췍췍췍췍 췍 专题评述췍 췍췍췍췍췍췍 亚洲梨黑星病菌致病性及其寄主抗病机制的研究进展 1* 2 3 姜 山 , 朴杓允 , 石井英夫 1 2 3 ( 贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳550001; 日本神户大学,神户657-8501; 日本国家农业环境技术研究所,筑波305-8604) 摘要:梨黑星病是亚洲梨的主要病害之一。 该病是由纳雪黑星病菌(Venturia nashicola)感染所致。 V. nashicola 主要寄生 在亚洲梨叶片表皮细胞壁的果胶质层中。 该菌的感染可能主要与分泌的细胞外分泌物质、角质分解酶、过氧化氢和果胶质 分解酶有关。 而亚洲梨对 V. nashicola 的抗性可能主要与多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白、多种病程相关蛋白、富亮氨酸重复 类受体蛋白激酶等有关。 另外,不具直接杀菌能力的系统抗性诱导剂acibenzolar-S-methyl(ASM) 在大田试验中对梨黑星 病菌有较好控制效果。 这与ASM诱导的植物防御反应,包括多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白和几丁质酶等有关。 关键词:梨;黑星病菌;致病机制;抗性机制 Progress in research on the pathogenicity of Venturial nashicola and resistant mechanism of its host 1 2 3 1 　 JIANG Shan , PARK Pyoyun , ISHII Hideo 　 ( School of Life Sciences, 2 Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Graduate School of Agriculture,Kobe University,Kobe,Hyogo 657- 8501,Japan; National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences,Tsukuba,Ibaraki305-8604,Japan. )3 Abstract: Asian pear scab,caused by Venturia nashicola,isone of the most severe diseasesof Asian pear. The extracellularmatrix,cutinase,polygalactuonaseandhydrogenperoxide,releasedbyinfection structuresof V. nashicolamightplaya significantroleinthepathogenesisof V. nashicola. Polygalacturonase-inhibingpro- tein,several pathogenesis-related proteinsand leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase might involve in resistance response of pear plants when the plants were challenged by V. nashicola. The non-fungitoxic benzothiadiazole compoundacibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM),knownasa systemicresistanceinducer,hadshown high control efficacy against scab on the most important but highly scab-susceptible Japanese pear cv. ‘Kousui’infieldexperiments. Moreover,ininocula