细胞质膜与细胞表面中2.ppt

四、通讯连接 ;间隙连接结构;;Figure?19-15?A model of a gap junction.??The drawing shows the interacting plasma membranes of two adjacent cells. The apposed lipid bilayers (red) are penetrated by protein assemblies called connexons (green), each of which is thought to be formed by six identical protein subunits (called connexins). Two connexons join across the intercellular gap to form a continuous aqueous channel connecting the two cells. ;Figure?19-16?Gap junctions as seen in the electron microscope.????Thin-section (A) and freeze-fracture (B) electron micrographs of a large and a small gap junction between fibroblasts in culture. In (B) each gap junction is seen as a cluster of homogeneous intramembrane particles associated exclusively with the cytoplasmic fracture face (P face) of the plasma membrane. (From N.B. Gilula, in Cell Communication [R.P. Cox, ed.], pp. 1-29) ;Figure?19-18?Summary of the various cell junctions found in animal cell epithelia.????This drawing is based on epithelial cells of the small intestine. ;2、 间隙连接的蛋白成分 ;3、间隙连接的功能及其调节机制 ;电突触;（4）间隙连接的通透性是可以调节的 ;Figure?11-33?Three classes of channel proteins.????The postulated relationship between the number of protein subunits and pore diameter. (Adapted from B. Hille, Ionic Channels of Excitable Membranes, 2nd ed. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer, 1992.);Figure?19-17?A proposed model for how gap-junction channels may close in response to a rise in Ca2+ or a fall in pH in the cytosol.????A small rotation of each subunit closes the channel. The model is based on an image analysis of electron micrographs of rapidly frozen tissue in which the structure of gap junction channels in their presumed open state was compared with their structure in a Ca2+-induced closed state. It is possible that a similar mechanism operates in the opening and closing of the gated ion channels discussed in Chapter 11. (After P.N.T. Unwin and P.D. Ennis, Nature 307:609-613) ;（二）胞间连丝： 高等植物细胞之间通过胞间连丝相互连接,完成细胞间的通讯联络。; 胞间连丝结构;Figure?19-19?Plasmodesm