汽车专业英语U1 L1(发动机部分).pptVIP

四、发动机的布置形式 * 发动机前置 前轮驱动 发动机前置 后轮驱动 发动机后置 后轮驱动 * Engine is a self-contained power unit which converts heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy for moving the vehicle. All automobile engines, both gasoline and diesel, are classified as internal combustion engines because the combustion or burning that creates energy takes place inside the engine. In the internal combustion engine, air-fuel mixture is introduced into a closed cylinder where it is compressed and then ignited. The burning of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cylinder pressure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crankshaft （Fig.1-1）. Text: One.The Internal Combustion Engine * The majority of engines in motor vehicles today are four-stroke piston engine. These four strokes are intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke. * Two. Four Strokes 1．The Intake Stroke The intake stroke begins with the piston at the Top Dead Center （TDC）. The crankshaft rotates through the connecting rod, forces the piston to move downward. This downward movement of the piston creates a vacuum, a difference in pressure, in the space above the piston. * . Camshaft forces the intake valve open automatically at or slightly before the piston starts down. The air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed during this downward movement. This valve closure prevents the entering air-fuel charge from escaping through the exhaust port. After the piston reaches the Bottom Dead Center （BDC） of its first stroke, the cylinder is practically full of an air-fuel charge. The drawing of an air-fuel charge into the cylinder in this manner, during the downward movement of the piston, constitutes the intake stroke （Fig.1-2a * 2．The Compression Stroke After piston reaches the BDC, the intake valve closes and the exhaust valve remains closed. The piston is beginning to move upward again, compresses the trapped air-fuel mixture that was brought in by the