CBA联赛人文环境优化问题探究.doc

CBA联赛人文环境优化问题探究摘要：CBA联赛正处于职业化发展的快速成长期，其人文环境主要表现在球队均有各自的主场，设置方式各有特点；主场观众主人意识强烈；主场氛围浓厚，规范科学的竞赛机制以及独具特色的管理体制等方面。同时，也存在着硬件设施建设不足；球员、观众、裁判的不和谐行为时有发生；联赛管理制度尚未完善等问题。其产生的主要根源与我国的文化传统和人的文化素质差异有关。优化的主要措施包括加强主场硬件设施建设，尽快与国际标准接轨；制定联赛法规，严惩违规行为；高度重视媒体对联赛的影响力，营造良好舆论氛围；加强国家队建设，提高国家队的比赛成绩；打造联赛的明星效应，扩大联赛的吸引力等。 关键词：CBA；人文环境；文化；优化；球迷；制度；管理 中图分类号：G841文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-4590(2009)04-0065-08 Abstract:CBA league matches are in the fast growth stage of professional development, its humane environment mainly displays its own home court in the team, the set up way has its characteristic; Audience has strong consciousness of master home court; The atmosphere of home court is strong, norm the scientific contest mechanism and distinctive management system,etc. Meanwhile, there is insufficient of hard environmental construction; The disharmonious behavior of the player, audience, referee happens occasionally; the management system of the league matches has not been improved well. Its main origin reference with cultural tradition and people′s cutural dynamics difference. The main optimized measure includes strengthening the the hardware of home court, integrate with the international standard as soon as possible; Make the regulation of league matches, punish the unlawful behavior severely; pay more attention on the media influence, build the good public opinion; Strengthen the construction of national team, improve the results of the national team; Make the star′s appeal of the league matches, expand appeal of the league matches,etc.. Key words: CBA; human environment; culture; optimization; football fans; system; manage 1 前 言 体育是一种人的社会文化活动。在相当长的时期以来，人们习惯于把竞技体育成绩作为衡量体育发展状况的主要或唯一标志，于是在体育环境的构建方面，更多的是围绕竞技体育的发展而展开，而忽视了人文环境的优化，结果是“竞技体育成绩的提高并没有带来体育的全面进步，而是愈来愈严重的体育社会问题或体育过程中的不良问题与竞技体育的发展如影随形，出现了有增长、有抵消、进步不快的新现象。”［1］ CBA联赛始于1995年，经过14个赛季的运作，CBA联赛已形成一定的规模，竞赛水平也有明显提高。我国篮球主管部门的目标是将CBA联赛“打造为除NBA外全球第二大、具有国际影响的职业联赛。”［2］但是，我们认识到，与世界上最成功的职业篮球联赛NBA相比，CBA联赛的差距在于比赛的参与者多看重的是比赛本身，而NBA“不仅将篮球比赛看成是一场比赛，