虚拟语气：串讲.ppt

虚拟语气;虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood） 表示所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等 (用于条件从句中或让步状语从句中)。 2. 表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (用于宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 陈述语气（the Indicative Mood） 阐明一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。;if引导的虚拟条件句;If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气 ;If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形;与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语);倒装的If虚拟句;条件状语的倒装：;wish引导的虚拟句;I wish I remembered the address.;5. If only (1) …要是就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!; as if /though; 区别： ;2. as if /though + Clause;虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood;;If I were you, I would have taken his advice.;If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 从句说明过去，主句说明现在。 If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 从句说明现在，主句说明过去。 ;If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。;名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词; suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, advice .引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + v原的形式出现。;It’s suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 主语 + ( should )+ v原形; 以上动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，即：主语+(should)+V原形;注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！;虚拟语气特殊句型;1. would rather that;注意: 在主语＋would (had) rather ＋that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。;(1) 对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用过去时 (系动词用were),指主从句谓语表示的动词同时发生.;(2) 对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用had+过去分词, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前.;(3) 对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用would+动词原形, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后. ;注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。;3. It’s (about/high) time +that ---;4. without 和 but for 构成虚拟 but for要不是 Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.;6. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即：主语+（should）+动词原形;7. ot