俄罗斯历史小百科 伊莉萨白女皇与七年战争.PDFVIP

俄罗斯历史小百科 伊莉萨白女皇与七年战争 伊莉萨白女皇除了奢华的宫廷生活外，亦有令人称道的军事成就。 一七五六年至一七六三年爆发的七年战争，是欧洲列强间首次的全面冲 突；法国、奥地利和俄罗斯结成联盟，与英国和普鲁士对战，战事遍及北 美、欧洲以至亚洲的印度和菲律宾，而当中俄罗斯军队在一七五九年的库 内斯多夫战役大捷，歼灭了普鲁士腓特烈大帝的半数军队。在战事进行期 间，伊莉萨白女皇曾在皇村叶卡捷琳娜宫的画厅举行军事会议。然而正当 普鲁士军队快要崩溃之际，伊莉萨白女皇在一八六二年一月五日病逝，并 由亲普鲁士的彼得三世继承皇位。本来在战场占优的俄罗斯戏剧性地倒 戈，脱离法国和奥地利而与普鲁士结盟，史称「勃兰登堡王室的奇迹」。 是次展览展出了一件绘有伊莉萨白女皇肖像和库内斯多夫战役的鼻烟盒， 以及画厅的360度虚拟现实。如想多认识这位兴建叶卡捷琳娜宫的俄罗斯 女皇，请即前来香港历史博物馆参观俄罗斯特展！ Facts from Russian History Empress Elizabeth and the Seven Years’ War In addition to the luxurious court life with which Empress Elizabeth is often associated, she is also well known for her military achievements. The Seven Years’ War – which took place between 1756 and 1763 – was the first full-scale conflict among European powers. France, Austria and Russia formed an alliance against Britain and Prussia, and military engagements broke out in North America, Europe and even as far afield as India and the Philippines in Asia. At the battle of Kunersdorf in 1759, the Russian army destroyed over half of the troops of Frederick the Great of Prussia. During the war, Empress Elizabeth held meetings of her military council in the Picture Hall of the Catherine Palace. However, Elizabeth died on 5 January 1862 when Russia was just one step away from crushing the Prussian army, and she was succeeded by Peter III, who held Frederick in great admiration and was noted for his pro-Prussia attitude. A dramatic change followed when Russia, despite having the upper hand over its opponents, withdrew from the coalition with France and Austria and allied with Prussia. The incident is known in history as the Miracle of the House of Brandenburg. The Treasures from Tsarskoye Selo, Residence of the Russian Monarchs exhibition showcases a snuffbox with a portrait of Empress Elizabeth and a scene from the battle of Kunersdorf, and it also uses 360-degree virtual reality t