离散数学(英文版)----Semigroup.pptVIP

Algebraic Systems and Groups Lecture 13 Discrete Mathematical Structures Algebraic Operations Function ?:An?B is called an n-nary operation from A to B. Binary operation: ?:A?A?B (?:A?A?A) An example: a new operation “*” defined on the set of real number, using common arithmetic operations: x*y = x+y-xy Note: 2*3 = -1； 0.5*0.7 = 0.85 Closeness of Operations For any operation ?:An?B, if B?A, then it is said that A is closed with respect to ?. Or, we say that ? is closed on A. Example: Set A={1,2,3,…,10}, gcd is closed, but lcm is not. Operation Table Operation table can be used