中国连锁超市物流配送发展现状分析.doc

中国连锁超市物流配送发展模式分析 摘要：超市连锁经营作为零售业的一次革命,20世纪90年代在中国悄然起步,发展到今天取得了令人瞩目的成就。但是,目前我国超市连锁企业的物流配送体系建设仍处于初级阶段,现行的配送方式相对落后,这对我国连锁超市的发展造成了巨大的障碍,严重制约了连锁超市规模效应的发挥,已成为连锁超市发展的“瓶颈”。就如何提高连锁超市物流配送的效率与效益,本文在对国内外连锁超市物流配送发展现状分析的基础上，分析了适合我国连锁超市物流配送的四种模式，同时针对如何提高连锁超市物流配送的效率与效益，提出了更适合连锁超市经营以及物流配送需求的两种新方法，即F-ABC分类管理法和实行仓单质押策略。 关键词：连锁超市；物流配送；配送模式 Abstract：Supermarket chain as a retail revolution in the 1990s in China, started quietly, to the development of todays achievements. However, Chinas supermarket chain logistics distribution system is still in its infancy, the current distribution method is relatively backward, which is the development of supermarket chains in China has caused tremendous obstacles, seriously restricted by the size of the effect of the supermarket chains to play, has become a chain Supermarket development of the bottleneck. Supermarket chains on how to improve the efficiency of logistics and distribution efficiency, the paper in the domestic and foreign supermarket chains on the development of logistics distribution analysis of the status quo on the basis of an analysis of Chinas supermarket chain logistics and distribution of the four model for how to improve the supermarket chains logistics and distribution Efficiency and effectiveness, made more suitable for supermarket chains, as well as the operating logistics and distribution needs of the two new methods, that is, the F-ABC classification and management of warehouse receipts pledge to implement the strategy. Key words: Chain Supermarkets ；Logistics Distribution ；Distribution Patten在日本，零售业是首先建立先进物流系统的行业之一。作为一种新的零售业迅速成长，现己遍及日本，正影响着日本其他零售商业形式。这种新的零售业需要利用新的物流技术，以保证店内各种货物的供应顺畅。因此，日本的物流配送具有以下特点：第一，分销渠道发达。许多日本批发商过去常常把自己定位为某特定制造商的专门代理商，只允许经营一家制造商的产品。为了保证有效地供应商品，日本许多物流公司不得不对旧有的分销渠道进行合理化改造，更好地做到与上游或下游公司的分销一体化。第二，频繁、小批量进货。日本的物流配送企业的很大一部分服务需求来自超市，超市依靠的是小批量的频繁进货，只有利用先进的物流系统才有可能发展连锁超市，因为它使小批量的频繁进货得以实现。第三，物流配送体现出共同化、混载化的趋势。共同化、混载化的货物配送使原来按照不同生产厂、不同商品种类划分开来的分散的商品物流转变为将不同厂家的产品和不同种类的商品混合起来配送的聚合商品物流，从而得以发挥商品物流的批量效益，大大提高了配送车辆的装载率。第四，