心电信号检测仪初期报告.doc

摘 要 心脏病已成为危害人类健康的主要疾病之一。据统计，心血管疾病是威胁人类生命的主要疾病，世界上心脏病的死亡率仍占首位。因此，对心血管疾病的诊断、治疗一直被世界各国医学界所重视，准确地进行心电信号提取，为医生提供有效的辅助分析手段是重要而有意义的课题。随着电子技术的迅速发展，医用电子监护系统近年来己在临床诊断中逐渐应用。 针对心电信号的特点进行心电信号的采集、数据转换模块的设计与开发。设计一种用于心电信号采集的电路，然后进行A/D转换，使得心电信号的频率达到采样要求。人体的心电信号是一种低频率的微弱信号，由于心电信号直接取自人体，所以在心电采集的过程中不可避免会混入各种干扰信号。为获得含有较小噪声的心电信号，需要对采集到的心电信号做降噪处理。目前对心电信号的降噪有多种方法，本文主要从滤波的方面介绍将噪声从信号中分离。 关键词： 心电信号采集，降噪，A/D转换放大，电源电路 ABSTRACT Heart disease has become the one of major disease，which does harm to human health．According to statistics，cardiovascular disease is the major disease of threatening human life．The death rate of heart disease still takes the first place around the world，so the diagnose and treatment for cardiovascular disease is paid much attention by the medical circle around the world．Accurately extracting ECG signal and providing effective method of auxiliary analyses is a very meaningful task．Along with quick development of electronics technique，Medical electron monitoring system has been applied to the clinical diagnosis in the recent years．ECG signal acquisition, data conversion module design and development beyond the ECG characteristics. Design a circuit for ECG acquisition, and then do the A / D conversion, make the frequency of ECG sampling requirements to achieve. ECG signal is a low frequency signal, because ECG is taken directly from the human body, so the process of ECG acquisition inevitably mixed with a variety of interference signals. In order to obtain Low noise ECG signal, we need to do noise reduction of the collected ECG signal. Now, there are many ways to do the noise reduction of the ECG signal, this article introduce how to separate noise from signal using the filter. KEYWORDS: ECG signal acquisition, noise reduction, A / D conversion, power circuit 目录 第一章 研究基础 1 1.1心电信号的电特性分析 1 1.2心电信号的噪声来源 1 第二章 硬件电路设计 2 2.1 心电信号采集电路的设计要求 2 2.2 心电采集电路总体框架 3 2.3 采集电路模块 4 2.4电平抬升电路 8 2.5 心电信号的50Hz带阻滤波器设计 10 第三章 实习体会 12 参考文献 13 第一章 研究基础 1.1心电信号的电特性分析 按照美国心电学会确定的标准，正常心电信号的幅值范围在10μV