新概念英语 1(期末复习小结1).docVIP

新概念英语(1)期末复习指导 第一部分 期末复习提要 内容提要。 本册书的语法内容繁多且分散，目的是让学生对英语的语法有初步的了解并掌握。下面归纳了一下本书所涉及到的语法内容，举出例句，学生可根据所列出的句子举一反三，触类旁通，掌握语法。 人称代词主格 he, she, I , you, they, we, it 人称代词在句子里充当主语。注意使用不同的人称代词，谓语动词的形式要作相当的改变。 Stella is a student. He works at a firm. They are going to bed. 人称代词宾格:me, him, her, us, them 在句子中充当宾语。 Give Jane this watch. Give her this one, too. 物主形容词: my, your, his, her, our, their, 物主形容词具有形容词的性质，在句子中充当定语。 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella? This is my book. His book is over there. 4．物主代词：hers, his, mine, yours, ours, theirs 98 This dress belongs to my sister. It is hers. 5.名词的单复数,可数名词与不可数名词 名词分可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词通常指可以用数字计算的物质名词，有单复数形式。单数形式可用a, an修饰，如a cup, an egg, a man, an hour。复数形式通常后直接加-s,-es，或改y为i再加-es,或改f为v再加-es,获至宝如apple（apples）,box(boxes), story(stories)，knife(knives)。有些可数名词的复数形式是不规则的，如child(children), man(men).不可数名词不能用数字计算，一般没有复数形式，用量词表达数量，如a bottle of water, a cup of milk, a piece of steak. It’s an English car. They have three children. I have drunk three cups of coffee. 6.不定冠词a, an与定冠词the的用法 不定冠词a, an可以表示数量一的意思，也可表示泛指。定冠词the表示特指。The用法：单数可数名词第一次出现时，用a(an), 再提到该名词时已属特指，用the，如： Give me a glass. Which glass? The empty one. 上文没有出现过的名词， 但大家都领会所指的是特定人或事物,用the，如 Tom lives in Fairfield. It’s a pretty town. The streets are wide. 复数可数名词或不可数名词，泛指时不用冠词，特指时用the,如 I don’t like coffee. The coffee of this kind is very nice. Boys are lazier than girls. 一些专有名词前不用冠词,如 Tom lives in Fairfield. 一些固定习语搭配不用冠词，如 I was at home on Saturday. 7. some, any 都可修饰可数名词与不可数名词，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句与疑问句。 There are some books on the desks. There isn’t any chocolate on the table. 8.be 动词:am, is, are My name is Xiaohui. I am Chinese. 9.There be 句型 There be句型表示有的意思。主语后置。 There is a vase on the table. There are some birds in the field. Is there a passport here? 10.祈使句 表示命令、建议等比较强烈的语气。通常为一动词短语。 Empty the basket! Open your mouth! Shut the door! 11.现在进行时 表示此时正在进行的事情或动作。 形式：be+动词的现在分词(V+ing) She’s sweeping the floor. She isn’t emptying the basket. 12.情态动词:can, must, m