【精选】Genomics-assisted breeding for crop.pdfVIP

Review TRENDS in Plant Science Vol.10 No.12 December 2005 Genomics-assisted breeding for crop improvement Rajeev K. Varshney1,2, Andreas Graner1 and Mark E. Sorrells3 1Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany 2Present address: International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru – 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India 3Department of Plant Breeding, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Genomics research is generating new tools, such as strategies. Here, we present an overview of the status functional molecular markers and informatics, as well as and availability of genomic resources and genomics new knowledge about statistics and inheritance research in crop plant species, and discuss strategies phenomena that could increase the efficiency and and approaches for effectively exploiting genomics precision of crop improvement. In particular, the research for crop improvement (Box 1, Figure 1). elucidation of the fundamental mechanisms of heterosis and epigenetics, and their manipulation, has great Strategies for the future potential. Eventually, knowledge of the relative values Functional molecular markers of alleles at all loci segregating in a population could During the past few years, functionally characterized allow the breeder to design a genotype in silico and to genes, EST and genome sequencing projects have facili- practice whole genome selection. High costs currently tated the development of molecular markers from limi