涡轮增压器检修与维护毕业设计论文.doc

摘 要 涡轮增压器实际上是一种空气压缩机，通过压缩空气来增加进气量。它是利用发动机排出的废气惯性冲力来推动涡轮室内的涡轮，涡轮又带动同轴的叶轮，叶轮压送由空气滤清器管道送来的空气，使之增压进入气缸。当发动机转速增快，废气排出速度与涡轮转速也同步增快，叶轮就压缩更多的空气进入气缸，空气的压力和密度增大可以燃烧更多的燃料，相应增加燃料量和调整发动机的转速，就可以增加发动机的输出功率了。参加竞赛的跑车一般在发动机上装有涡轮增压器，以使汽车迸发出更大的功率。发动机是靠燃料在气缸内燃烧来产生功率的，输入的燃料量受到吸入气缸内空气量的限制，所产生的功率也会受到限制，如果发动机的运行性能已处于最佳状态，再增加输出功率只能通过压缩更多的空气进入气缸来增加燃料量，提高燃烧做功能力。在目前的技术条件下，涡轮增压器是唯一能使发动机在工作效率不变的情况下增加输出功率的机械装置。Abstract The turbocharger actually is a kind of air compressor, through the compressed air to increase in volume. It is using the engine emissions to promote inertia momentum of indoor turbine turbine turbine, and drive the impeller, impeller coaxial by air filter press send sent air pipe and pressurized into the cylinder. When the engine speed increasing quickly, gas turbine speed and discharge synchronous speed increasing quickly, the impeller and is compressed more air into the cylinder, air pressure and density increases can burn more fuel, increase fuel and adjust the speed of the engine, can increase the output power of the engine. Take part in the competition sports in general engine turbocharger, with the car burst out with more power. The engine is in the air cylinder is burnt on fuel to generate power input, the fuel is inhaled air cylinder, air volume generated power may be restricted, if the engine performance has at its best, then increase output power can only by compressed air into the cylinder of more to increase fuel, increase the combustion power capability. In the present technical conditions, is the only one who can make the turbocharger engine in work efficiency under the condition of invariable increase the output power of mechanical device. This paper discussed on the basis of original supercharger conceptual understanding of new electric current turbocharger. Key words：turbocharged; compressed air;power 目 录 第1章 绪论 1 第2章 论文设计方案 4 第3章 概念及发展 6 3.1 机械增压器与电动增压器的概念 6 3.2 增压器的历史发展与国内外生产厂商 6 3.2.1 增压器发展史 6 3.2.2 国内生产部分厂商 9 第4章 机械增压器工作原理及构造 11 4.1 机械涡轮增压器的工作原理 11 4.2 机械式涡轮增压