测控技术与仪器专业英语张凤登电子课件UNIT5BasicSemiconductorDevices.pptVIP

UNIT 5 Basic Semiconductor Devices 5.1 Text Semiconductor Diode 半导体二极管 尚辅网 / New Words semiconductor [,semik?nd?kt?] n. 半导体 diode [dai?ud] n. 二极管 transistor [tr?n‘sist?] n. 晶体管 New Words (continue) silicon [silik?n] n. 硅 germanium [d??:meini?m] n. 锗 crystalline [krist?lain] n. 晶体的 impurity [impju?r?ti] n. 杂质 rectifier [rektifai?] n. 整流器 rectification [,rektifikei??n] n. 整流 triac [trai?k] n. 三端双向可控硅开关（元件） diac [dai?k] n. 二端交流开关（元件） covalent [k?uveil?nt] a. 共价的 junction [d???k??n] n. 结 adjacent [?d?eis?nt] a. near, next to, 临近的，毗连的 equilibrium [,i:kwilibri?m] n. 平衡，均衡 instantaneous [,inst?nteinj?s] a. momentary,瞬间的 bias [bai?s] v. 偏置 Notes: An n-type material possesses an abundance of electrons or negative charge carriers that do not take part in covalent bonding. N型材料拥有大量的不以共价键连接的电子或负电荷载流子 。 A p-type has an excess of positive charge carriers or holes that are not influenced by covalent bonding. P型材料拥有过量的不以共价键连接的正电荷载流子或空穴。 Exercises 1. Answer the following questions. The materials between the ones that conduct electrical current easily and the ones that don’t conduct electrical current are semiconductors. For example, silicon, germanium. They have characteristics between those of conductors and insulators. A p-type material posses excess of positive charge carriers or holes. A diode is a pn junction. It performs the function of rectification. It is possible that, due to temperature, some electrons will cross the junction from the n-type region to the p-type region. Likewise, some holes will diffuse from the p-type region to the n-type region. After this diffusion has taken place, an electrical barrier is developed between the two regions. Thus the further movement of charge carrier is prohibited and the diode is in a state of equilibrium. The instantaneous polarity of the potential connected to each terminal of the diode determines the action performed by the diode. The polarity of the battery is used to bias t