毕业论文-防气抽油泵设计.doc

防气抽油泵设计 摘 要：在高气液比油井中，气体对泵效的影响十分严重。这些气体占据泵腔的部分体积，会降低泵腔内的充满度，导致抽油泵阀球开启滞后，甚至出现“气锁”现象。“气锁”时还会发生“液压冲击”，造成有杆抽油系统的振动，加速其损坏。结果造成抽油机井频繁作业，使检泵周期缩短，开发成本增加。本文介绍的防气抽油泵采用机械起动和关闭的标枪阀结构，克服了气锁现象。 本文首先介绍了国内外抽油泵的发展现状，接着论述了防气抽油泵的工作原理，初步确定了气液抽油泵的整体结构。然后对气液抽油泵的整体结构、尺寸进行了设计计算，确定了泵的外径和泵筒的长度。最后对抽油泵的主要零件，如泵筒、柱塞、泵阀、阀罩等进行了设计计算以及校核，并对抽油泵的排量进行了计算。 通过本文的研究，对抽油泵的研制起到一定的促进作用。 关键词：气锁；防气抽油泵；低产；结构设计 Anti-gas pump design Abstract In the well with high gas/oil ratio, the gas has the destructive influence to the pump efficiency. These gases hold partial volumes of pump cavity and reduce the fullness in the pump cavity, which will cause the valve ball’s opening lag of sucker rod pumps and will even result in the “gas lock”. The “shock from hydraulic pressure” follows the “gas lock”, which causes the vibration of oil pumping system and accelerates its damage. The result creates the frequent work of oil pumping well, reduces the pump examining cycle and increases the exploiting cost. This a rticle describes the anti-gas pump can overcome the “gas lock” by machinery starting and the closed javelin valve structure. In this paper, it introduces the pump prevented gas-lock development present situation , then discussed the graduated design , the working principle of the anti-gas pump , and preliminarily determines the overall structure of the anti-gas pump . Next it designed and calculated the anti-gas pump to the overall structure and dimensions , determined the pump diameter and the length of the pump cylinder . In the end , the main parts , such as pump cylinder , pump plunger , pump valve and valve cover , are designed , calculated and checked for pump , then the output volume is calculated . Eventually , it determines anti-gas pump what they design can prevent effectively gas- lock and work normally . Their are some certain effects though study of this paper in promote the develop of the oil pump. Key words: gas lock; anti-gas pump; low production; Structure desig目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 国内外抽油泵发展现状 1